Browsing by Subject "Pipelines"
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Item A conceptual framework for managing petroleum products pipeline(Texas Tech University, 1998-05) Ali, Shahid IbrahimA barrel of cmde oil is transformed into various refined products and these products travel through pipelines before reaching demand points. Refined products shipped through pipelines include various grades of gasoline, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel, and home heating oils. These different products are carried in the same pipeline. Since a multiple product pipeline transports different types of petroleum products, it faces the issue of product mixing. Movement of more than one product in a single pipeline obviously calls for more sophisticated monitoring and control than is required for continuous movement of a single product (Kennedy, 1993). Because of the variety of refined products, it is necessary to segregate them. To achieve the segregation, the refined products are transported in batches, maintaining the integrity of their shipments. Batch size depends upon the amount of interface or mixed products that can be tolerated as the batches move down the line (Wolbert, 1979).Item Disjointed connections : the presidential permitting of tar sands oil pipelines at the U.S.-Canadian border(2010-12) Tomasovic, Brian Scott; Spence, David B.; Dzienkowski, John S., 1959-The fuel for dynamic change in the United State’s energy relationship with Canada lies in immense deposits of tar sands beneath the boreal forests of Alberta province. Unconventional production of oil from this resource has accelerated in recent years and remains poised for continued expansion, facilitated, in part, by plans to import tar sands crude through new pipelines to refineries in the United States. However, the development of this resource carries uniquely heavy environmental burdens, and U.S. environmental groups have challenged the process by which the United States authorizes cross-border oil pipelines. This thesis analyzes the presidential permitting process and concludes that executive or legislative action is necessary to eliminate legal uncertainties and improve the transparency and public acceptability of determinations that new cross-border pipelines are warranted.Item Flow of fine particle suspensions in bends, fittings and valves(Texas Tech University, 1981-12) Hsu, Feng-lungThe results of extensive experimental studies to determine the head losses for flow of fine-particle suspensions in bends, fittings, valves and pipes are presented in this thesis. Methods of determining losses in fine-particle suspensions flowing through pipes and fittings are discussed, as well as methods of expressing these losses in a form useful for design purposes. Glass beads with dsO=12.5µ and with d5O=44.5µ were used in this work. This work was restricted to the transport of fine particles and the particle volume concentration of suspensions up to 32.5% were studied. Furthermore, in this work, only the practical important case of transport at fluid velocities above the saltation velocity has been considered. For homogeneous flow conditions, effects of particle size and concentration are negligible and the loss coefficients for carrier fluid can be used for fine-particle suspensions. Hence, practical prediction of pressure drop in pipelines can be carried out.Item Flow of Fine Particle Suspensions in Horizontal Pipelines(Texas Tech University, 1981-12) Ma, Tzu-wang WarrenA pressure drop correlation for the flow of fine particle suspensions (d < 75M) in horizontal pipelines was developed. A total number of 57I data points, comprised of 138 collected from the published literature together with 433 taken using our own test pipelines were used as the basis for this correlation. The correlation provides superior predictive capability for both uniformly and nonuniformly sized fine particle suspensions. Data for the deposit velocity of uniformly sized fine particle suspensions were determined from the minima in the pressure drop-velocity curves of our flow experiments. These data, which totalled 12 points were used to develop a deposit velocity correlation for uniformly sized fine particle suspensions. Deposit velocities from the SRC data on suspensions with broad particle size distributions consisted of 24 data points. These data were also used to develop a deposit velocity correlation for nonuniformly sized fine particle suspensions. Both correlations pertain to high solids concentrations (C > 10?J by volume) and provide an improved predictive capability over previously published correlations.Item Model analysis of a vibrating piping system(Texas Tech University, 1967-06) Bennett, Robert DwainThe natural frequencies of a prototype piping system and its model were determined by vibrating both systems and noting the resonant frequencies. A comparison of the actual prototype frequencies, with those predicted from the model indicate that model theory may be used to satisfactorily determine the natural frequencies of a piping system.Item Typesafe NLP pipelines on Spark(2014-12) Hafner, Simon; Baldridge, Jason; Erk, KatrinNatural language pipelines consist of various natural language algorithms that use the annotations of a previous algorithm to compute more annotations. These algorithms tend to be expensive in terms of computational power. Therefore it is advantageous to parallelize them in order to reduce the time necessary to analyze a large document collection. The goal of this project was to develop a new framework to encapsulate algorithms such that they may be used as part of a pipeline without any additional work. The framework consists of a custom-built data structure called Slab which implements type safety and functional transparency to integrate itself into the Scala programming language. Because of this integration, it is possible to use Spark, a MapReduce framework, to parallelize the pipeline on a cluster. To assess the performance of the new framework, a pipeline based on the OpenNLP library was created. An existing pipeline implemented in UIMA, an industry standard for natural language pipeline frameworks, served as a baseline in terms of performance. The pipeline created from the new framework processed the corpus in about half the time.