Browsing by Subject "Lipids in nutrition"
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Item Chromium and ascorbate deficiency effects on lipids and glucose tolerance of guinea pigs(Texas Tech University, 1985-08) Wang, Min-minNot availableItem Chromium and yogurt effects on glucose, insulin and hepatic lipid in obese mice(Texas Tech University, 1984-12) Li, Yi-chingDietary chromium (Cr) supplements in casein or yogurt-based diets were fed to genetically obese C57BL/6J-OB (ob/ob) mice. Diet groups were casein negative control (C), yogurt negative control (Y), enriched yogurt (EnY), medium chromium yogurt (MCrY), high chromium yogurt (HCrY) (1.83 ppm), and high chromium casein (HCrC) (1.85 ppm). Food and water were available ad libitum and no significant differences were observed in final body weight. In obese mice total hepatic lipid was significantly greater in the C than in the HCrC group and in the Y than in the HCrY group. Plasma immunoreactive insulin levels tended to be lower in animals fed HCrC and HCrY diets. Insulin/glucose ratio was significantly higher in the C group than in the HCrY group indicating that more insulin was required in the negative control group to handle an equivalent quantity of glucose. In the obese mouse, a model for insulin resistance, Cr supplementation apparently affects both hepatic lipid deposition and insulin/glucose ratio.Item Storage stability of lipids in canned meats(Texas Tech University, 1985-08) Mistry, Ardeshir NoshirwanNot availableItem The effect of animal age and refrigerated storage time on lipids in pig ham muscle(Texas Tech University, 1983-12) Lee, HuiNot availableItem The effect of chromium and yogurt on human serum glucose and lipids(Texas Tech University, 1984-12) Liu, Sau-binThe discovery of the essentiality of trace elements for humans and laboratory animals began in the seventeenth century. However, not until 1959 was the physiological role of chromium as a trace element in nutrition recognized. Mertz and co-workers (Mertz ejt al., 1959) have postulated that "Chromium, as a constituent of the glucose tolerance factor (GTF), plays a role as a co-factor for insulin, facilitating binding with its receptors, and amplifying all known effects of insulin." Chromium also appears to be involved in protein and lipid metabolism (Mertz, 1975; Ham-bidge e£ al., 1974; Boyle et al., 1977). Although results have been equivocal, recent research has indicated that in both humans and animals serum cholesterol decreased significantly after supplementation with various amounts of inorganic chromium or brewers' yeast extract (Liu et^ al., 1977; Offenbacher et al., 1980; Riales £t al., 1981; Abraham £t al., 1980). Chromium deficiency has been suggested by Schroeder (Schroeder et al., 1970; Schroeder e£ al,, 1965) to be a factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.Item Winter condition of mallards on the Southern High Plains of Texas(Texas Tech University, 1983-08) Whyte, Richard JohnMallards arriving on the Southern High Plains of Texas in the fall are in poorer condition, with less lipid and protein and lover body weights, than birds during the winter. Adults gained lipids and some protein and were heaviest in early and mid-winter, but juveniles did not show the same degree of gain. Whereas lipid gains were substantial, protein remained stable after the initial increase. Adult hens showed relatively greater lipid gains, and wintered in better condition than other mallards. Cold fronts and thermal stress in November did not affect lipid and body weight gains of adults. During late winter, mallards, except for juvenile drakes, depleted lipids for thermogenesis and lost weight when thermal stress was greatest. Cold fronts in January and February added to this effect. Estimates of mallard survival potential decreased by 1 day with each 10 degree Celsius drop in ambient temperature. Mortality of mallards on the Southern High Plains of Texas related to condition-stress was considered to be a minor factor in overall winter mortality. Mallards departed in the spring with high lipid reserves and heavy body weights Overall, mallards wintering in the region were in excellent condition between October and March, after the initial gains from their poor condition in the fall. Abundant waste-corn and intermittent cold fronts rather than prolonged cold spells allowed mallards to maintain this status. Condition indices were formulated for use in body condition assessment of mallards. Wet-skin weight was found to be the best predictor of mallard lipid reserves.