Browsing by Subject "Androgyny (Psychology)"
Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item A longitudinal examination of the relationship between selected gender role variables and marital quality(Texas Tech University, 1989-08) Hood, C. JeffersonThe purpose of the study was to examine longitudinally the relationship between two gender-role orientation variables (gender-role attitude and gender-role identity) and marital quality. This research was a replication of recent research which has found that the more egalitarian the husband is with respect to the wife, the higher the marital quality of each spouse and other research which has found that femininity is positively associated with the level of marital quality of each spouse. In addition to same-time analyses, these relationships were examined longitudinally. The theoretical model used was Social Exchange Theory. The focus of this theory on the roles which marital partners develop as they join in a relationship with one another made it especially applicable to this study. Findings of the study were based on a sample of 35 couples who had been married an average of a little over a year and a half, most of whom did not have children. Length of marriage and presence or absence of children were identified as covariates in the preliminary analyses. Partial correlations were used to test the hypotheses. At time one, the relationship between femininity of the wife and level of marital quality of the husband was positive and significant, confirming the first hypothesis. AH other hypotheses were not confirmed. Additional analyses were undertaken to identify a discriminant procedure which could classify spouses as to whether they were more satisfied or less satisfied as to their marital quality. Eight variables (masculinity, femininity, spouse masculinity. Spouse femininity, total income, length of marriage, and the score on the Marital Roles Attitude Scale) and presence of children were able to correctly classify couples about 7096 of the time. Implications of this procedure are discussed.Item Differential state anxiety reactions to two types of threat for androgynous vs. traditionally sex-typed subjects(Texas Tech University, 1982-08) Saylor, Charles BartonThe present study investigated the differential state anxiety reactions, measured by self report and by performance on a cognitive task, of traditionally sex-typed and androgynous male and female college students. There were 30 subjects in each of the four groups: masculine males, androgynous males, feminine females, and androgynous females. The anxiety reactions of 10 subjects from each group were examined under one of three conditions: a physical danger stress, an evaluation/failure stress, and a no stress control. Results indicated that both stressors produced increases in state anxiety on both measures. As predicted, in both stress conditions the feminine females reported more anxiety than the masculine and androgynous subjects. Masculine and androgynous subjects did not differ from each other. There were no differences between groups on the cognitive performance measure; all groups displayed significantly more anxiety-related interference in the evaluation/failure condition than in the physical harm condition. The results were discussed from the perspectives of the Bem (1974) and Spence (1978) models of sex role functioning.Item Others' evaluations of communication competence as related to self evaluations of gender orientation and social style versatility(Texas Tech University, 1985-08) Seiffert, Mark AlanNot availableItem Relationship between sex role identity change and participation in a problem solving skills training program(Texas Tech University, 1978-05) Lamke, Leanne KayNot availableItem The effects of a sex-roles course on four sex-role related measures(Texas Tech University, 1981-08) McGrogan, Catherine AnnNot availableItem The influence of sex role orientation on initial interactions within same-sex dyads(Texas Tech University, 1979-08) Lamke, Leanne KayThe purpose of the present study was to assess the relationship between sex role identity, behavioral interaction, and interpersonal attraction in an initial encounter. Eighty-two female subjects identified as either feminine, androgynous, or undifferentiated participated in the study in same-sex dyads. The design contrasted three different dyad types which included: (a) femininefeminine; (b) androgynous -androgynous; and (c) undifferentiated- undifferentiated. Each dyad completed an initial 5-minute unstructured interaction, a 10-minute getting acquainted exercise, and a final 5-minute unstructured interaction. Results of the initial unstructured interaction indicated greater interpersonal attraction between androgynous individuals as compared with the undifferentiated and feminine dyad types. Androgynous interactions were viewed by three independent raters as more smooth, natural, and relaxed as compared to undifferentiated interactions. In the final unstructured interaction, androgynous individuals were again more attracted to one another and indicated a greater desire to get to know their partner better as compared to the other dyad types. There was also a significant difference in overall behavioral interaction between the dyad types with the androgynous individuals exhibiting the greatest degree of behavioral involvement. Interactions in androgynous dyads were perceived by the raters as much more smooth, natural, and relaxed relative to both undifferentiated and feminine interactions. Discussion of the results emphasized the need to further examine the relationship between sex role identity, behavioral interaction, and attraction in interpersonal encounters. Implications of individual differences in sex role identity for relationship development were also discussed.Item The relations among feminism, gender role orientation, and psychological well-being in women(Texas Tech University, 2002-08) Saunders, Kendra JeanMany feminists suggest empowerment and equality between the sexes will lead to better conditions for women (Harlan, 1998). Furthermore, feminist therapists suggest that awareness regarding the impact of our patriarchal culture can lead women to differentiate what is in their best interest from socially ingrained behavior, and that this differentiation can empower women to have personal freedom and a willingness to consider other life alternatives (Prochaska & Norcross, 1999). Consequently, this awareness may give women the power to influence their personal lives and society so that both may better meet the needs of women and lead to improved mental health. Consistent with this view connecting feminism and mental health, feminist therapists propose a connection between feminism and well-being (Wilkinson & Kitzinger, 1994). A limited amount of research supports this assertion; however, this research has been criticized as being mostly conceptual, anecdotal, or based on clinical case studies (Markson, 1984; Wemer-Wilson, Zimmerman, Daniels, & Bowling, 1999). Furthermore, research on this topic has neglected the impact of gender role orientation on both feminism and well-being. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relations between feminism, gender role orientation, and psychological well-being among women. It was expected that women with a more developed level of feminist orientation would exhibit a greater sense of psychological well-being than women who were less feminist. In addition, it was anticipated that women who were higher in feminism would exhibit greater levels of stereotypic masculinity than women who are less feminist, and that women who were more androgynous or stereotypically masculine would exhibit greater levels of psychological well-being than women who were stereotypically feminine or undifferentiated (Taylor &; Hall, 1982; Bassoff & Glass, 1982). Finally, this research explored whether feminism and gender role orientation interact in predicting well-being. The results suggested that having a stereotypical masculine or androgynous gender role orientation was predictive of a greater sense of psychological well-being. In addition, and contrary to prediction, women with a more advanced level of feminism were no more likely to be stereotypically masculine than women who were less feminist. The results regarding the relationship between feminism and well-being were mixed, but generally suggested that a greater degree of feminism was related to a heightened sense of psychological well-being. Finally, level of feminism and gender role orientation did not interact in predicting well-being. The implications of these findings are discussed, as well as limitations and possible future directions.Item The relationship of instrumental and expressive behaviors to sex role type in college women(Texas Tech University, 1983-05) Worley, Karen Boyd.