Browsing by Author "Runyan, Chase A"
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Item Comparison of Sensory Characteristics, Fatty Acid Profiles, Proximate Analysis, and Shelf-Life Stability of Akaushi Beef, Commodity Prime Beef, and Top Choice Branded BeefWeinheimer, Lexus Anna; Branham, Loree A; Topliff, Donald R; Runyan, Chase A; Garrison, Kevin GAkaushi, prime and top choice branded beef (TCB) were evaluated for multiple quality attributes. Akaushi had the highest lipid oxidation followed by TCB, and prime (P < 0.0001). Akaushi and prime had similar initial and sustained juiciness; both were juicier than TCB (P < 0.05). Akaushi was more tender than TCB (P ≤ 0.05). Evaluating flavor intensity and overall acceptability, Akaushi and prime were similar, and both more favorable than TCB. Akaushi and prime had lower protein percentage compared to TCB (P < 0.0001). TCB had the highest moisture percentage, followed by Akaushi, and prime (P < 0.0001). Prime had the highest fat and collagen percentages, followed by Akaushi, and TCB (P < 0.0001). TCB had the highest polyunsaturated:saturated fatty acid ratio (P < 0.0001).Akaushi had the highest monounsaturated:saturated fatty acid ratio (P < 0.0001).Item Corn Gluten Feed in Winter SupplementsAlejandro, Nicholas Andrew; Alejandro, Nicholas Andrew; Scott, Cody B; Salisbury, Micheal W; Runyan, Chase A; Koenigsberg, Monica RThe objective of this study was to test the feasibility of using corn gluten feed in winter supplements. For this study, 60 unbred Rambouillet ewes were randomly assigned to one of twenty pens. Additionally, pens were assigned to one of four treatments. Treatments consisted of the control diet of only hay and three treatments containing corn gluten feed at 0, 10, and 30% for 60 days. No difference was observed in supplementation refusals or intake among treatments. Mean body weights within all treatments did differ (P<0.05) by date. Mean body weight within each individual treatment were similar (P>.05) among treatments. Treatment by day interaction differed (P<0.05). The 30% treatment better maintained and increased body weight over the 10 % group as well as the 0% treatment and control all while having a lower mean body weight by treatment although mean body weight by treatment did not differ (P>0.05).Item Effects of Compensatory Gain on Success of a 7-day Co-Sync+CIDR Artificial Insemination Protocol in Beef HeifersHughes, Kaitlyn; Runyan, Chase A; Scott, Cody B; Salisbury, Micheal W; Muelsch, Elisabeth-ChristineAngus heifers born in the spring of 2014 (n=38) were used to evaluate the effects of compensatory gain on the pregnancy status using a 7-day Co-Sync+CIDR® estrous synchronization protocol followed by a fixed-timed artificial insemination (FTAI) procedure. The heifers that were kept at the Management Instruction and Research Center (MIR group) were managed to a limited level of nutrient availability and experienced limited growth rate after weaning. Then the MIR group was placed in feeding pens to obtain an accelerated rate of gain to capture the compensatory gain phenomenon. Heifers concurrently managed at a collaborator herd in Fredericksburg (FRED group) were allowed access to oat forage, self-limiting supplementation, and free choice sorghum hay through the entirety of the project to suffice nutrient demands, not limiting growth rate. It was observed that even though differences in growth rate were significant, there was no difference in the pregnancy status from the FTAI.Item Effects of corn or corn by-products fed as a pre-breeding supplement on body weight and pregnancy in Rambouillet ewesClay, Savannah Elizabeth; Salisbury, Micheal W; Scott, Cody B; Runyan, Chase A; Dickison, James W; Varbelow, SonjaThe objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of corn and dried distiller’s grain fed as a prebreeding flushing supplement on weight gain and body condition, breeding and subsequent lambing rate, and early postnatal growth of Rambouillet ewes. Treatment groups consisted of 1 control group (n=30) that was not fed a supplement, 1 group (n=30) that was fed a corn based ration, and 1 group (n=30) that was fed a dried distiller’s grain based ration. After the feeding period concluded, lamb data was collected to determine what, if any, change occurred. No differences (p < 0.05) were detected in body weight over time or on the number of ewes that conceived. However, significant differences (p > 0.05) were found in body condition score, number of lambs born, and 30 and 60 day weights of lambs. While flushing supplementation slowed down weight loss, there was no significant difference detected in reproductive efficiency.Item EFFECTS OF DEHYDRATION ON BACTERIA LEVELS OF NON-HEAT TREATED, SHELF-STABLE, WHOLE-MUSCLE BEEF JERKYReyes, Arquimides Antonio; Branham, Loree A; Runyan, Chase A; Dickinson, James W; Bustos, Charlene DABSTRACT This study evaluated, aerobic bacteria and pathogen surrogate (Saga 200) levels of non-heat treated, shelf-stable, whole-muscle beef jerky over five processing days. Beef inside rounds (NAMP# 169A), were sliced into identical strips. Strips were assigned to either experiment I (n=72) or Experiment II (n=126/trial) and then assigned to one of three treatments: control, marinate, or dry rub. Experiment II strips were inoculated with Saga 200 prior to treatment application and dehydration. Strips were dehydrated on racks at 50±2°F (relative humidity of 65±5%). Samples were tested every 24 h for bacteria levels, water activity (Aw), and pH. Experiment I, showed an average 1.25 log10 reduction of APC over six days (P≤0.05). Experiment II showed a 1.5 log10 reduction of Saga 200 over six days (P≤0.05), and Aw ranged from 0.97-0.68 and pH ranged between 5.84 and 5.48. Results showed that simple dehydration without thermal treatment is insufficient to meet FSIS requirements.Item EFFECTS OF ISOFLAVONES ON THE SPERMATOGENISIS OF PREPUBERAL BOVINE BULLSMiller, Hilary D.; Runyan, Chase A; Salisbury, Michael W.; Dickison, James W; Moody, Rex TSeveral studies have been conducted over the effects of isoflavones on health and reproductive parameters of small rodent and humans due to the wide range of proposed negative and positive effects that isoflavones can have. This study was conducted on 39 prepuberal bovine Angus bulls, stratified by weaning weight, sire, and age of dam (AOD) to one of two study diets (DIET) which consisted of Soybean meal treatment group (SBMTRT) or Cottonseed meal control group (CSMCON). The purpose of this study was to investigate average daily gain (ADG), scrotal circumference (SC) and sperm production and morphology. There were profound effects observed with DIET × AOD on ADG in the 3 year and 2 year AOD groups, and semen concentration and volume differences were observed within the 3 yr AOD. All AOD in the CSM groups were significantly lower in all aspects of semen quality and ADG.Item Impacts of Castration and Docking Method on Lamb Stress and PerformanceBodenchuk, Leigh Ann .; Salisbury, Michael W; Scott, Cody B; Runyan, Chase A; Osterhout, John JThe objectives of this study were to determine which method of castration and docking causes more stress to lambs and subsequent effects on performance. For this study 60 crossbred lambs, 31 females and 29 males, were assigned to one of two treatment groups. Female lambs were docked while male lambs were castrated. Lambs were docked or castrated with either an All-in-One tool or by elastrator rubber band. Ewe lambs docked with an elastrator band were more restless than lambs docked with an All-in-One (p < 0.01). There were no differences in mean 93 day weight between ewe treatments (p = 0.93). Male lambs castrated with an elastrator band vocalized more (p = 0.03) and were more restless than lambs castrated with an All-in-One (p = 0.05). Mean 93 day weight was affected by treatment with banded males weighing more than All-in-One castrated males (p = 0.03). Results suggest that castration method can affect performance while docking method does not.Item THE EFFECTS OF SEMEN THAW PROCEDURES ON ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION SUCCESS RATE IN FIRST CALF FEMALESZoeller, Audrey Grace; Runyan, Chase A; Salisbury, Micheal W; Kellermeier, John D; Mason, Carolyn RThe focus of this study is to investigate the effect of semen thaw procedures following a timed AI protocol in first calf females. British cross (Angus, Hereford) cows (n = 241) were synchronized utilizing a 7-day Co-Synch protocol. Females were randomly divided into 2 breeding days and received either technician thawed semen or water regulated thawed semen. Pregnancy status × thaw method did not prove to be statistically significant (P = 0.51), neither did pregnancy status × AI technician (P = 0.97) or pregnancy status × AI day (P = 0.30). The probability of pregnancy for TT and WR was not different (P = 0.53).