Neural Dysfunction during Decision-Making as a Predictor of Cocaine Relapse
| dc.contributor.advisor | Adinoff, Bryon, M.D. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Braud, Jacquelyn Ashley | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2013-01-17T16:03:31Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2014-02-19T22:03:37Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2013-01-17T16:03:31Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2014-02-19T22:03:37Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2013-01-17 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Cocaine dependence is a costly disorder characterized by recurrent relapse events. The current investigation used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a decision-making task to predict relapse to drug use in a cocaine-dependent sample. Forty-five treatment-seeking cocaine-dependent subjects, two to four weeks abstinent, and 23 healthy control subjects underwent 3T fMRI. The Response Reversal Task was administered in the scanner to elicit decision-making processes. Individuals were followed for up to six months post-discharge from inpatient substance use treatment to determine time-to-relapse. Seventy-eight percent of the patient sample relapsed an average of 35 days after treatment; ten individuals did not relapse during the follow-up period. No group differences were found between healthy control and cocaine-addicted groups in activation patterns or behavioral measures of decision-making performance. Mean percent BOLD signal change in the patient group was used to identify regions of interest (ROIs) for discriminant analyses to classify patients by short- and long-term relapse. The fMRI activation patterns in the precuneus, bilateral orbitofrontal cortex, left insula, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, paracingulate, left hippocampus, and bilateral amygdala correctly classified 71% of patients by short-term and long-term relapse. This investigation suggests that neuroimaging may be a valid predictor of cocaine relapse, which could allow for better individual tailoring of treatment options for improving long-term abstinence. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.other | 841765734 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/2152.5/1230 | |
| dc.subject | Cocaine-Related Disorders | |
| dc.subject | Magnetic Resonance Imaging | |
| dc.subject | Drug Users | |
| dc.title | Neural Dysfunction during Decision-Making as a Predictor of Cocaine Relapse | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
| thesis.date.available | 2012-2-20 | |
| thesis.degree.discipline | Clinical Psychology | |
| thesis.degree.grantor | Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences | |
| thesis.degree.level | M.A. | |
| thesis.degree.name | Master of Arts |