Browsing by Subject "translation"
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Item S.IM.PL Serialization: Type System Scopes Encapsulate Cross-Language, Multi-Format Information Binding(2012-02-14) Shahzad, NabeelRepresenting data outside of and between programs is important in software that stores, shares, and manipulates information. Formats for representing information, varying from human-readable verbose (XML) to light-weight, concise (JSON), and non-human-readable formats (TLV) have been developed and used by applications based on their data and communication requirements. Writing correct programs that produce information represented in these formats is a difficult and time-consuming task, as developers must write repetitive, tedious code to map loosely-typed serialized data to strongly-typed program objects. We developed S.IM.PL Serialization, a cross-language multi-format information binding framework to relieve developers from the burdens associated with the serialization of strongly-typed data structures. We developed type system scopes, a means of encapsulating data types and binding semantics as a cross-language abstract semantics graph. In comparison to representing data binding semantics and information structure through external forms such as schemas, configuration files, and interface description languages, type system scopes can be automatically generated from declarations in a data binding annotation language, facilitating software engineering. Validation is based on use in research applications, a study of how computer science graduate students use the software to develop applications, and performance benchmarks. As a case study, we also examine the cross-language development of a Team Coordination (TeC) game.Item Session 2F | Enabling and Reusing Multilingual Citizen Contributions in the Archival Record(Texas Digital Library, 2021-05-26) Brumfield, Ben; Guzman, Allysa; Palacios, AlbertFromThePage (FtP) is a tool for the collaborative transcription, translation, and indexing of primary source materials. Cultural repositories are increasingly using FtP to tap into the collective expertise of an interested public to improve the intellectual accessibility of handwritten sources and nourish their archival records. However, our research shows that few institutions have considered the subsequent preservation and ethical attribution of these citizen contributions in the archival record and scholarship. This project seeks to enhance FromThePage’s collection management capabilities and exports to facilitate the development of workflows for preserving and adequately attributing collaborative scholarship for its ethical reuse.Item The Universal Quixote: Appropriations of a Literary Icon(2013-07-09) McGraw, Mark DavidFirst functioning as image based text and then as a widely illustrated book, the impact of the literary figure Don Quixote outgrew his textual limits to gain near-universal recognition as a cultural icon. Compared to the relatively small number of readers who have actually read both extensive volumes of Cervantes? novel, an overwhelming percentage of people worldwide can identify an image of Don Quixote, especially if he is paired with his squire, Sancho Panza, and know something about the basic premise of the story. The problem that drives this paper is to determine how this Spanish 17^(th) century literary character was able to gain near-univeral iconic recognizability. The methods used to research this phenomenon were to examine the character?s literary beginnings and iconization through translation and adaptation, film, textual and popular iconography, as well commercial, nationalist, revolutionary and institutional appropriations and determine what factors made him so useful for appropriation. The research concludes that the literary figure of Don Quixote has proven to be exceptionally receptive to readers? appropriative requirements due to his paradoxical nature. The Quixote?s ?cuerdo loco? or ?wise fool? inherits paradoxy from Erasmus of Rotterdam?s In Praise of Folly. It is Don Quixote?s paradoxy that allows readers and viewers to choose the aspects of the protagonist that they find most useful. Some of that difference in interpretation has been diachronic, starting with a burlesque view of Don Quixote as the insane hidalgo, later developing a romantic interpretation of the protagonist as a noble knight. Much of that difference has been geographical, with Spanish appropriators tending to reflect Don Quixote as a heroic reflection of national character, and many outside of Spain choosing to use the knight as a symbol of impracticality and failure. Ultimately, Don Quixote?s long lasting influence has been due to his ability to embody the best of the human spirit; the desire to fashion oneself into a more noble identity and achieve greater deeds than one?s cultural environment would normally allow.Item Tryptophan Regulation of the Escherichia coli Tryptophanase (TNA) Operon(2013-10-22) Martinez, Allyson KendallFree L-tryptophan induces the expression of the Escherichia coli tna operon that specifies proteins necessary for catabolizing tryptophan. Regulation is effected by a transcriptional attenuation mechanism requiring translational arrest at the TnaC regulatory leader peptide in the 5? leader of the tna transcript. Interactions between the TnaC nascent regulatory peptide and the elements constituting the ribosomal peptide exit tunnel are implicated in the inhibition of the translating ribosome by free L-tryptophan. In this study, genetic and biochemical analyses were used to investigate the role of specific residues of the TnaC peptide and of 23S rRNA regions that line the ribosomal exit tunnel in TnaC-mediated ribosome arrest. Highly conserved amino acids of TnaC and the 23S rRNA nucleotides predicted by structural models to interact with those TnaC residues were selected for analysis. TnaC residues Trp-12, Asp-16, and Ile-19 and 23S rRNA nucleotides A748-A752 as well as U2609 and A2058 are crucial for L-tryptophan-induced TnaC-mediated ribosome arrest. Interactions between the TnaC peptide and 23S rRNA residues are affected by mutations to either molecule. These interactions, specifically between Ile-19 of TnaC and the 23S rRNA A2058 nucleotide, are required for L-tryptophan binding and/or action. Finally, both cis-acting and trans-acting mutations can suppress the loss-of-function TnaC D16E mutation, supporting the model that both the TnaC peptide and the ribosome exit tunnel are active participants in the inhibition of peptidyl-transferase activity in response to L-tryptophan. Taken together, the findings of this study suggest that the highly conserved nature of specific amino acids of TnaC can be explained by the requirement for interactions between these residues with 23S rRNA nucleotides within the ribosomal exit tunnel. These interactions likely induce conformational changes within the TnaC peptide, the ribosomal exit tunnel or both that contribute to the formation of a free L-tryptophan binding site, locking the peptidyl-transferase center in an inactive conformation resulting in ribosome arrest.