Browsing by Subject "reservoirs"
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Item Impacts of Natural Salt Pollution on Water Supply Capabilities of River/Reservoir Systems(2011-08-08) Lee, Chi HunSalinity is a major determinant of where and how water resources are used worldwide. Natural salt pollution severely constrains the beneficial use of large amounts of water in Texas and neighboring states. High salinity loads in several major river/reservoir systems, including the Brazos River, originate largely from salt seeps and springs in isolated areas of the upper river basins located in the Permian Basin geologic region. Research objectives were (1) to improve salinity simulation capabilities of the Water Rights Analysis Package (WRAP) modeling system, and (2) to develop a better understanding of the occurrence, transport, and impacts of salinity in the Brazos River and Lakes Possum Kingdom, Granbury, and Whitney. Water volume budgets and total dissolved solids load budgets were developed for five river reaches covering 405 miles of the upper Brazos River. Methodologies were developed for creating and applying WRAP salinity input datasets. The WRAP modeling system was expanded and applied to the entire Brazos River Basin to investigate alternative modeling premises and impacts of salinity and salinity control measures on water supply capabilities. Water and salinity budget analyses of the Brazos River system based primarily on measured stream flow, reservoir storage, and total dissolved solids data compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey were performed to explore the characteristics of flow and storage volumes and salinity loads and concentrations in the river/reservoir system. WRAP salinity input datasets were developed based on results from the salinity budget study. One dataset was designed and applied specifically for testing salinity routing methods and calibrating salinity routing parameters. A second complete basin salinity dataset was developed and applied to simulate the Brazos River Basin for alternative management strategies. The results of the simulations demonstrate, for example, that previously proposed salt control impoundments can significantly reduce salinity loads and concentrations in the three reservoirs and at all locations on the Brazos River from the impoundments downstream to the Gulf of Mexico. The WRAP salinity simulation features are designed to provide flexibility in combining water quantity simulation datasets from the Texas Water Availability Modeling System or other sources, which may be very complex, with available salinity data which varies in extent and format between different river basins. The modeling capabilities demonstrated by the Brazos River Basin study can be applied in other river basins as well.Item Quantifying the Permeability Heterogeneity of Sandstone Reservoirs in Boonsville Field, Texas by Integrating Core, Well Log and 3D Seismic Data(2013-04-29) Song, QianIncreasing hydrocarbon reserves by finding new resources in frontier areas and improving recovery in the mature fields, to meet the high energy demands, is very challenging for the oil industry. Reservoir characterization and heterogeneity studies play an important role in better understanding reservoir performance to meet this industry goal. This study was conducted on the Boonsville Bend Conglomerate reservoir system located in the Fort Worth Basin in central-north Texas. The primary reservoir is characterized as highly heterogeneous conglomeratic sandstone. To find more potential and optimize the field exploitation, it?s critical to better understand the reservoir connectivity and heterogeneity. The goal of this multidisciplinary study was to quantify the permeability heterogeneity of the target reservoir by integrating core, well log and 3D seismic data. A set of permeability coefficients, variation coefficient, dart coefficient, and contrast coefficient, was defined in this study to quantitatively identify the reservoir heterogeneity levels, which can be used to characterize the intra-bed and inter-bed heterogeneity. Post-stack seismic inversion was conducted to produce the key attribute, acoustic impedance, for the calibration of log properties with seismic. The inverted acoustic impedance was then used to derive the porosity volume in Emerge (the module from Hampson Russell) by means of single and multiple attributes transforms and neural network. Establishment of the correlation between permeability and porosity is critical for the permeability conversion, which was achieved by using the porosity and permeability pairs measured from four cores. Permeability volume was then converted by applying this correlation. Finally, the three heterogeneity coefficients were applied to the permeability volume to quantitatively identify the target reservoir heterogeneity. It proves that the target interval is highly heterogeneous both vertically and laterally. The heterogeneity distribution was obtained, which can help optimize the field exploitation or infill drilling designs.