Browsing by Subject "psychological well-being"
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Item Acculturation and ethnic identity as they relate to the psychological well-being of adult and elderly Mexican Americans(2009-05-15) Rivera, SaoriIn attempting to help the Mexican American adult and elderly population, the relationship between psychological well-being and cultural factors was investigated in this dissertation study. Primarily, the dynamics of acculturation and ethnic identity were considered as measures of cultural adjustment; while, physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions were used to measure well-being and mental health in adult and elderly cohorts. In regard to these relationships, the following research questions were addressed: 1) How does psychological well-being in older Mexican Americans relate to acculturation and ethnic identity? 2) Do these three variables interact differently among adult and elderly cohorts? 3) What is the relationship between the variables for this particular sample of Mexican Americans when considering moderating variables of spirituality and religiosity? In addressing the first two questions, multiple regression analyses were used to understand the distribution of the variance in the dependent variable, psychological wellbeing. Although both variables were contributing to the regression weight, neither of the two, acculturation or ethnic identity, were significant predictors of psychological well-being in this sample. In the last question, confirmatory and exploratory structural equation model (SEM) analyses were employed to determine how each of the variables were loading and relating to one another. Only a few of the items selected for these analyses, (i.e., none of the mediating variables, select acculturation items, and select scales on the measure for psychological well-being) were used and found to be significant in the complete model and diagram. Using newly clustered item parcels, the mediating variables of spirituality and religiosity were again analyzed in the (SEM) analysis. While the variable religiosity was dropped from the model diagram, the newly generated spirituality variable was found to be empirically and conceptually significant in the model diagram.Item Relationship of psychological well-being and activities of daily living in older adults following hospitalization: A secondary analysis(2008-07-09) Margaret Elizabeth Ottenbacher; Dr. Elizabeth ReifsniderThe ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) is fundamental to maintaining older people’s independence and quality of life. Service providers, policy makers, and researchers use ADL measures to develop predictive information about functional outcomes related to specific diseases and treatments, to describe the stages and severity of disabling chronic diseases, to plan placement decisions, to determine eligibility for long-term care services, to determine benefits, and to establish new social policies, as well as to predict admission to a nursing home, use of paid home care, use of hospital and physician services, living arrangements, insurance coverage, and mortality. Patients 65 years and older account for over one-third of hospitalizations and this trend is expected to continue in the coming decades as the number of older adults living to an advanced age increases exponentially.\r\n The purpose of this study was to examine the psychological well-being of an older, ethnically diverse patient population admitted to the Acute Care for Elders (ACE) unit at UTMB and the ability to recover ADLs post-discharge. This secondary analysis of data collected on 403 hospitalized older adults through convenience sampling was examined at baseline, and on the longitudinal three month follow-up sample of 218 older adults who had previously participated at baseline.\r\n Key findings of this study included: 1) social support was noted to be a significant predictor of higher psychological well-being scores in five out of six domains, and 2) significant predictors of recovery of ADLs at three month follow-up included length of stay, number of comorbidities, ADL summary at time of hospitalization, and the psychological domain of Environmental Mastery. \r\n Psychological well-being does have a significant relationship with recovery of ADLs and is an important contributor to quality of life in older adults.\r\nItem The Tick Tock of the Tenure Clock(2014-12-05) Jean, Vanessa A.Tenure is the focal career goal for any tenure-track assistant professors and the probationary period?the time between hire and mandatory review for tenure?is often rather short, usually 5-7 years. Any setback or challenge to productivity during that time could derail an otherwise promising career. In response to this problem, universities have developed tenure clock extension policies. Despite the increased implementation of flexible tenure clock policies, the effects of these policies on job outcomes and wellbeing are not yet understood. The present study examines the link between tenure clock extension status and multiple job attitudes including job satisfaction, burnout, turnover intentions as well as psychological well-being. The extent to which these relationships are influenced by the sex of the faculty member, whether the faculty member works in a science, technology, engineering or math (STEM) or nonSTEM department, and the faculty member?s perception of the family-supportiveness of their department are also examined. Survey data from faculty members revealed that faculty who extended the clock have less psychological well-being compared to those who did not extend, and that family-supportive organizational perceptions did not moderate this relationship. Further, women were found to have more negative job attitudes and psychological well-being compared to men regardless of tenure clock extension and STEM status, and STEM faculty reported higher turnover intentions than nonSTEM faculty. Implications for university policies and future tenure clock research are discussed.