Browsing by Subject "otherness"
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Item Beyond cultural competency: Using literature to foster socially conscious medicine(2008-07-07) J. Ernest Aguilar; Anne Hudson Jones, Ph.D.; Sayantani DasGupta, M.D., M.P.H.; Robert Bulik, Ph.D.; Howard Brody, M.D., Ph.D.; Harold Y. Vanderpool, Th.M., Ph.D.For at least the past three decades, training programs in cultural competency have enjoyed increasing popularity in medical schools and in continuing medical education. Proponents of cultural competency generally hold that when physicians and other health-care professionals are trained in cultural issues, there will be a reduction in race-based disparities in both the access to and the quality of health care. Yet there has been little evidence to support this claim. Further, a conceptual analysis of cultural competency suggests that this type of training may serve only to maintain or further aggravate the current state of affairs faced by cultural and racial minorities. New pedagogical models are needed. These models will need to include an opportunity (and the support) for the unlearning of old patterns of viewing society. Participants will need to reflect on the social factors and structures that are more likely to lead to race-based disparities. These factors include but are not limited to a legacy of interracial hostility and mistrust, the unjust distribution of social power, and a defective understanding of the proper posture to be taken towards the one that is other. Educational theories that promote participatory, transformative, and reflective learning experience must be used to shape new educational efforts. Reforms in medical education can draw more heavily from the theories developed by scholars in literature and medicine. These theorists argue that the development of narrative skills contributes to improved communication across interpersonal differences. Further, many scholars agree that reading well-written works of literature contributes to the skill required for recognizing injustice and engaging in the moral and ethical reflection needed to address it.Item Color, the Visual Arts, and Representations of Otherness in the Victorian Novel(2012-07-16) Durgan, JessicaThis dissertation investigates the cultural connections made between race and color in works of fiction from the Victorian and Edwardian era, particularly how authors who are also artists invent fantastically colored characters who are purple, blue, red, and yellow to rewrite (and sometimes reclaim) difference in their fiction. These strange and eccentric characters include the purple madwoman in Charlotte Bront??s Jane Eyre (1847), the blue gentleman from Wilkie Collins?s Poor Miss Finch (1872), the red peddler in Thomas Hardy?s The Return of the Native (1878), and the little yellow girls of Arthur Conan Doyle?s ?The Yellow Face? (1893) and Frances Hodgson Burnett?s The Secret Garden (1911). These fictional texts serve as a point of access into the cultural meanings of color in the nineteenth century and are situated at the intersection of Victorian discourses on the visual arts and race science. The second half of the nineteenth century constitutes a significant moment in the history of color: the rapid development of new color technologies helps to trigger the upheavals of the first avant-garde artistic movements and a reassessment of coloring?s prestige in the art academies. At the same time, race science appropriates color, using it as a criterion for classification in the establishment of global racial hierarchies. By imagining what it would be like to change one?s skin color, these artist-authors employ the aesthetic realm of color to explore the nature of human difference and alterity. In doing so, some of them are able to successfully formulate their own challenges to nineteenth-century racial discourse.