Browsing by Subject "Women -- Alcohol use"

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    Biological, psychological and sociocultural factors discriminating between alcoholic and non-alcoholic women
    (Texas Tech University, 1987-08) Silvia, Loretta Young
    Research on alcoholism has primarily focused on men, and the results are assumed to apply to women. In addition, empirical studies on alcoholism in general, and female alcoholism in particular have traditionally been unidimensional. Research with women alcoholics tends to employ small samples and no comparison groups. In this research, alcoholism in women is viewed as a multifactorial problem which must be investigated through both a theoretical and an empirical approach which recognizes the complexity of the problem. Riegel's dialectic theory provided the conceptual framework of this study. Six variables, number of alcoholic relatives, number of health-related problems, depression, self-esteem, femininity and the meeting of significant others' expectations were chosen from the literature on female alcoholism to represent three of the dimensions in dialectic theory and the three most commonly held theories of alcoholism: biological, psychological, and sociocultural. Sixty women, under 90 days sober, and in treatment for alcoholism, were compared with sixty nonalcoholic women, randomly selected from subjects who had participated in the Women's Identity Development Project, and who had responded to a followup questionnaire. Preliminary analysis showed significant differences between the groups on marital and employment statuses and income, which were considered a consequence of the alcoholism, and education which was used as a covariate. When a MANCOVA was employed, femininty was found to be nonsignificant and was dropped from further analysis. Both depression and self-esteem were significant for the covariate. An ANCOVA indicated that the main effect for alcoholism was also significant. Therefore, five variables were entered into a stepwise discriminant analysis, Wilks' method. Self-esteem failed to reach the tolerance level at step 5 and was dropped from further analysis. The four remaining variables accounted for 72% of the variance. Calculation of a shrinkage formula yielded a corrected multiple R^2 of .70. Depression was shown to have the highest discriminant capability, followed by health-related problems, number of alcoholic relatives, and others' expectations. A classification analysis, using the function, discriminated between the two groups with 94% accuracy. These findings support the importance of employing a multifactorial approach, both theoretically and empirically, to the study of female alcoholism. In addition, the findings have implications for early intervention, education, prevention and treatment.
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    The association between sex roles and recovery from alcoholism in women
    (Texas Tech University, 1983-05) Ducote, D'Ann
    The purpose of the present study was to examine sex roles across three groups of women: nonalcoholics, practicing alcoholics, and recovering alcoholics. The participants in the study were 63 white, college educated women between the ages of 18 and 35, identified as either androgynous, undifferentiated, masculine or feminine. Additionally, the recovering group was asked to retrospectively evaluate themselves as to their sex roles when they were still drinking. A systems model was used to explain the recovering group's transition from- active alcoholism, to recovery, and then to androgyny. The results indicated no significant differences among the three groups on sex role designation that were pertinent to the study; however, the nonalcoholic group did prove to be somewhat more feminine than the other two groups. Significant differences were reported between the current and retrospective sex roles of the recovering group, a difference which revealed that 17 were undifferentiated in their retrospective accounts and only five were undifferentiated in their current accounts. Additional results indicated that the systems model used was helpful in explaining the recovering alcoholic's reorientation from active alcoholism to sobriety though not to androgyny. Discussion of the results emphasized the need to utilize the recovering alcoholic as a means through which to understand the effects of alcoholism and recovery from it. Furthermore, it is suggested that this group be utilized in studying not only alcoholism and sex roles but other interpersonal and intrapersonal issues such as developmental and psychosocial processes that can be affected by alcoholism. Discussion of the results also suggested the use of the systems model as a valid conceptualization of the recovering alcoholic's reorientation process.
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    Treatment of female alcoholics: a question of sexism
    (Texas Tech University, 1980-05) Brown, Leslie Kim Harp
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    Treatment of female alcoholics: a question of sexism
    (Texas Tech University, 1980-05) Brown, Leslie Kim Harp
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