Browsing by Subject "Weight loss -- Physiological aspects."
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Item Effects of a high protein diet on weight loss, markers of health, and functional capacity in senior-aged females participating in the Curves® fitness program.(2008-12-01T16:42:21Z) Galbreath, Melyn.; Kreider, Richard B., 1962-; Health, Human Performance and Recreation.; Baylor University. Dept. of Health, Human Performance and Recreation.Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of elderly females aged 60-75 years following the Curves fitness and weight loss program on body composition, markers of health, and functional capacity. Methods: 55 senior aged overweight females (66 ± 5 years; 79 ± 11 kg) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: High Protein diet + Exercise (HP); High Carbohydrate diet + Exercise (NCHO); or Exercise only (E). Participants were instructed to follow their respective nutrition plans and complete a supervised 30 minute Curves circuit resistance-training program three times a week. The participants underwent an array of tests at 0, 10 and 14 weeks. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures was used to analyze the data. Results: Subjects in the HP experiencing significantly greater weight loss (HP -4.8 ± 3.2%, NCHO -3.0 ± 2.9%, E -1.1 ± 2.3%, p=0.001), fat mass (HP -10.2 ± 5.9%, NCHO -5.7 ± 4.0% and E -2.7 ± 3.9%, p=0.001), and percent body fat (HP -6.3 ± 3.5%, NCHO -3.8 ± 3.4%, and E only -2.2 ± 3.6%). Improvements were also noted in an appetite regulating hormones leptin (HP -42.1 ± 21.3%, NCHO 43.4 ± 56.1% and E .80 ± 35.1%, p=0.000). No significant changes were observed in fat free mass or resting energy expenditure. All groups experienced improvements in strength, muscular endurance, aerobic capacity, and a number of markers of health. Summary: The Curves exercise and weight loss program is effective in senior aged females in promoting weight loss and favorable body composition changes. The greatest effects were seen in the HP group.Item The effects of ingesting an anti-inflammatory nutritional supplement while participating in a resistance training program on indices of body composition and metabolic, cardiovascular, muscular, and hemodynamic function in overweight females.(2008-10-15T12:12:32Z) Nassar, Erika Irene.; Willoughby, Darryn Scott, 1963-; Health, Human Performance and Recreation.; Baylor University. Dept. of Health, Human Performance and Recreation.Sedentary, healthy, overweight women (n=40) participated in a full-body resistance training program 3 days/week. The study was performed in a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled fashion. Participants followed a structured, energy-restricted, low glycemic diet. Participants ingested either a thermogenic/anti-inflammatory supplement a placebo supplement. Body composition, performance variables, serum lipid variables, inflammation markers, obesity markers, and GLUT-4 values were obtained at week 0 and after weeks 4 and 8. Data were analyzed by repeated measures MANOVA and are presented as means ± SD. GLUT- 4 values were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA are presented as means ± SD. For body composition, there was a significant time main effect for body mass, BMI, and fat mass. Body mass reduction was significant between weeks 0 and 8 for both groups (p<0.001). BMI also had significant decreases in both groups between weeks 0 and 8 (p<0.001). Fat mass decreased significantly for both groups between weeks 0 and 8 (p=0.034). For performance variables, there was a significant time main effect for relative leg press and bench press strength. Relative leg press strength increased in both groups between weeks 0 and 8 (p<0.001). In addition, relative bench press strength increased in both groups between week 0 and 8 (p=0.000). For serum lipids, there was a significant time main effect for TCHOL, LDL, and HDL. TCHOL decreased between weeks 0 and 8 (p=0.004). LDL decreased between weeks 0 and 8 (p=0.048). HDL decreased between weeks 0 and 8 (p=0.009). Leptin concentrations decreased significantly between week 0 and 8 in (p=0.019). There was a significant time main effect for calories, carbohydrates, fat, and sugar intake. Caloric intake decreased significantly between week 0 and 8 (p<0.001). Fat intake decreased significantly between weeks 0 and 8 (p<0.001). Carbohydrate intake was reduced significantly between week 0 and 8 (p=0.001). Sugar intake also decreased for both group significantly between week 0 and 8 (p=0.004). Results indicate that a full body resistance training program, in combination with an energy-restricted, low glycemic diet promotes weight loss and strength gains. Acknowledgement: Supported by a research grant from Unigen Pharmaceuticals (Lacey, WA).