Browsing by Subject "Transit-oriented development"
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Item Achieving transit value capture in the suburbs : the redevelopment of greyfield shopping malls(2006-05) Wilke, Julie Ann; Zhang, Ming, 1963 April 22-In recent years, a renewed interest has blossomed in rail travel and rail investment. However, federal funding constraints for new transit projects threaten the feasibility of urban rail network construction and expansion. In response, the public sector has begun to consider alternative financial mechanisms including value capture. As new construction expands transit’s reach into the suburbs, another phenomenon is facing these communities – the death of the suburban shopping mall. This report examines these two issues: constraints in transit funding and the proliferation of greyfield shopping malls. Addressing both issues, the argument is made that greyfield shopping malls serve as excellent locations to implement transit value capture strategies by converting the malls into suburban transit-oriented developments (TODs).Item An analysis of the City of Austin’s TOD guidelines and interim standards of development(2007-08) Clark, Norma Katherine, 1983-; Beamish, Anne, 1954-The purpose of this study is to analyze the interim standards and determine whether or not they provide enough of a design base to produce a site plan which satisfies the City’s TOD principles. These guidelines and standards express vital elements and characteristics which the city desires to implement within their TOD districts. By developing a site plan for a specified TOD using only the given interim standards of development I will be able to examine their strengths and weakness and determine whether or not the goals of the City guidelines were met.Item The contradictions of smart growth: transit-oriented development, affordable housing and community vision - the case of the Lamar/Justin Lane TOD, Austin, Texas(2014-08) Asuncion, Kendal Kawaihonaokeamahaoke; Sletto, BjørnSmart Growth is a comprehensive approach to planning that aims to shape more compact and well-connected communities across the United States. Among its principles are leveraging existing infrastructure, developing around transit, providing a mix of housing types and price ranges, and increasing community participation in the planning process. However, research suggests the comprehensive approach at times obscures potential tensions between these principles, in particular when Smart Growth principles are applied to a specific property. This is the case in Austin, Texas’ Lamar/Justin Lane TOD, where the City of Austin is currently evaluating development scenarios for a publicly-owned 5.6 acre parcel located within the TOD area. How equity and access is addressed in Smart Growth comes to fore in conversations between the City and affluent, neighborhood residents. This report examines the history of Smart Growth, reviews its implementation in cities across the U.S., and considers how the City of Austin may learn from other cities.Item Creative financing & strategies for mixed-income transit oriented development in Dallas, Texas(2013-08) Partovi, Lauren Neda; Wilson, Barbara B. (Barbara Brown)This study evaluates the current environment for mixed-income transit oriented development along DART rail within the city limits of Dallas. A close look at income and racial disparity is used as the foundation for advocating for a more proactive and aggressive approach to the development of affordable units proximate to affordable transportation choices. Assembling financing for mixed-income TOD projects is especially challenging, and multiple layers of federal, state, and city funding mechanisms are required for achieving the capital requirements of the development. Both typical affordable housing funding methods and new and nontraditional funding methods for multifamily housing were researched and evaluated with the intention to propose possibilities for catalyzing development in DART station areas within the City of Dallas that have, to this point, experienced underdevelopment.Item Demographic characteristics of transit-oriented development areas in California(2008-08) Huang, Chao-Hsing, active 2008; Zhang, Ming, 1963 April 22-This study is to understand how Transit-Oriented Development influences demographic characteristics within its boundary. Case studies from the California TOD database was used. Through the changes of TOD during 1990 and 2000 and the comparison of trends in TODs and located regions, many TODs are low-income areas and such factors induces other demographic phenomenon. Meanwhile, the level of transit use did not change much and the vehicle ownership did not decrease definitely. Though such facts might imply the inefficiency of TOD, there are other factors such as economic and transit environment that cause this fact. Thus, TOD is actually influenced heavily by background policies, experience, and supportive transit circumstances.Item Ecosystem services and Peter Calthorpe’s model of transit-oriented development : prospects and challenges for city planning(2012-05) Getchell, Julia Michelle; Steiner, Frederick; Dooling, Sarah; Kahn, TerryThis study explores the non-monetary values assigned by designers, planners, developers, and policy makers in integrating ecosystem services into the design and development of urban transit-oriented development (TOD). This thesis also investigates the theoretical and practical design strategies that incorporate ecosystem services into Urban TODs. Methods used for research and data collection included reviewing existing literature relevant to the subject matter, conducting interviews with policy makers, academics, and design professionals, and exploring two specific examples of progressive, urban, “green,” TODs in the Pacific Northwest. This study concludes with ideas for future research into the integration of ecosystem services into urban TOD planning, and potential urban environmental policies that can be adopted by municipalities to maintain and strengthen the ecosystem services of the growing metropolis.Item Evaluation criteria for successful suburban-style transit-oriented development : a case study of TOD plans for commuter rail in the Austin, TX metropolitan area(2006-08) Hercules, Jason Michael; McMillan, Tracy E.This paper seeks to determine how the elements of true Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) can successfully be implemented in a suburban setting. The author establishes firm criteria for creating successful TOD. These criteria are then used to evaluate both TOD and neighborhood plans for case study sites in the Austin, TX metropolitan area. The paper completes this evaluation by pointing out synergies, discrepancies and offering recommendations for improvement, based on the case studies.Item Innovative transportation finance : value capture techniques applied in the state of Texas(2010-08) Tooley, Shaun E.; Zhang, Ming, 1963 Apr. 22-; Paterson, RobertTransportation finance has been historically dominated by assessing taxes to transportation users and taxes on the general public. Innovative financing mechanisms such as tax increment financing, special assessment districts, and others represent value capture techniques that tax property owners to pay for transportation costs. Value capture techniques provide supplemental funds to support capital construction costs but are not substitutes for existing dedicated and traditional tax revenue methods. The major findings of Texas practice indicate that tax increment financing for transit does not significantly contribute towards the transit infrastructure. Instead tax increment funds finance the improvement of public infrastructure surrounding transit stations and stops and can be labeled transit-supportive investments.Item Station area access within transit-oriented development : a typological analysis(2006-05) Hennigan, Matthew Francis; Zhang, Ming, 1963 April 22-; McMillan, Tracy E.Transit joint development (TJD) is a specific component of transit-oriented development (TOD) characterized most commonly by a collaborative development relationship between transit agencies and private developers. A spatial evaluation of public and private properties within TOD station areas offers a valuable and unique point of view to examine the association between transit agencies, local government and private developers. The link between transit space including entrances, exits, lobbies, direct connections, multi-modal integration and immediately adjacent private property is essential to the success of TOD. This report offers insight and analysis concerning the spatial interface and access between public and private properties within the station area from a multimodal standpoint in an effort to evaluate the conditions that promote optimal pedestrian connectivity in harmony with the presence of the automobile and other motorized forms of transportation. Within this report a station area spatial interface - access typology is introduced, which captures the various interfaces between public and private properties at transit station areas from a multimodal perspective. The Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) rail system was the model for this typology To better understand the spatial relationship between these principal TOD players, an evaluation of the factors that affect the physical composition of TOD - TJD station areas is also conducted. These factors include site limitations and opportunities, financial arrangements, and land use regulatory policy.Item Town and gown bikeways planning : an analysis of bicycle planning within the greater University of Texas-Austin community and the City of Austin as compared to similar college communities(2009-08) Huntoon, Lee Anne; Paterson, Robert G.This paper will focus on the “town and gown” relationships between cities and universities and their combined planning efforts for bikeway networks. An examination of the bicycle plans, use of bicycle boulevards and bike lanes, etc. will be applied to towns known for their university populations such as Berkeley, California with the University of California and Palo Alto, California with Stanford University and how the City of Austin and the University of Texas-Austin compares in utilizing the same principles in their bicycle facilities planning efforts.Item Transit oriented regions : past and present thoughts on regionalism(2009-05) Hall, Andrea Lynn; Zhang, Ming, 1963 April 22-As society finds it itself on the brink of new social, economic and political upheavals, a reconsideration of the make-up of regions is necessary. From time to time, these changes manifest as migrations from one line of thought to another. Moreover, these changes were predicted and observed by notable historic figures in planning and regional theory. It is the intent of this report is to note and link the connections between historic figureheads and contemporary proponents of regional form and its interconnectedness to transportation infrastructure. This report goes on to provide examples of barriers to modern implementation of regional transit-oriented development and also to provide case studies where positive interaction between local governments has resulted in regional forms and transportation networks that embody new solutions in a changing socio-economic and environmental constructs.Item Transit-oriented development : from single node to corridor(2008-12) Zhou, Ji, active 2008; Zhang, Ming, 1963 April 22-As a means of promoting “smart growth” in the United States, Transit-Oriented Development has become a significant strategy for planners to solve urban problems. Most researches and studies discuss transit-oriented development on a single node level, which created some barriers during the implementation process. This report demonstrates transit-oriented development on a corridor level to optimize its benefits. Three case studies, which are in the Washington D.C. Metropolitan Area, San Francisco Bay Area and Dallas Region, are used to illustrate different typologies of transit-oriented development corridors and to analyze significant planning principles for transit-oriented development at a regional or sub-regional level.Item Walkability assessment in a transit-oriented development setting : a pilot study using a Geographic Information System(2011-12) Chung, Myung Kyung; Lee, Ming-Chun; Zhang, MingMany studies and land use planning attempts have done to influence people’s travel choices these days. Rather than sprawl development with automobile-dependent, single-use zoning, and cul-de-sacs, scholars and city planners now prefer and recommend more walkable, mixed-use development, and compact development. Along with neo-traditional development and pedestrian pockets, one trend of recent urban planning, Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), has attracted people’s attention. Given the new development of transportation methods, the present study explores how new transit stations will change people’s mobility and activity patterns. The main contribution of this project is to create an index of walkability attributions in a TOD setting based on previous research and to suggest assessment measures of walkability using a Geographic Information System (GIS).Item When TOD moves into the neighborhood : towards locally-sustainable transit-oriented development(2006-05) Fried, Justin Solomon; Mueller, Elizabeth J.This paper investigates how transit-oriented development can protect and enhance community sustainability. This study explores literature on community capacity, social capital, and neighborhood change to generate a definition of community sustainability appropriate for urban neighborhoods in transition. It then looks at current models proposed in the literature for assessing transit-oriented development (TOD), and finds little of relevance for the concerns of social sustainability. The study then draws sustainability indicators from other social science literature and assesses their usefulness for transit-oriented development. Finally, it develops a set of indicators appropriate for measuring the performance of TOD in protecting or enhancing community sustainability in these neighborhoods. These indicators can be used as a starting point for agencies and local groups to develop outcome-oriented measures of success for the local sustainability of future transit-oriented developments.