Browsing by Subject "Sorghum as feed"
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Item Addition of an enzyme combination of gibbrellic acid to sorghum grain for feedlot cattle(Texas Tech University, 1988-05) Karr, Kendall J.NOT AVAILABLEItem Advances in steam-flaking grain sorghum and predicting starch availability for cattle(Texas Tech University, 1995-12) Smith, Kenneth JacksonThe use of grain sorghum as a feedstuff for feedlot and dairy cattle is a common practice in the southwestern United States. A decline in the use of grain sorghum has been noted over the past decade. This decline has occurred because of the high degree of variability in grain sorghum as compared to corn in physical and chemical properties. Therefore, it was the intent of this research to determine the exact cost of steam flaking corn and sorghum, to determine the role of cultivar on utilization of sorghum grain by ruminants, and to develop indices and equations which determine flake quality and starch availability utilizing numerous whole grain factors, flake measurements, and starch texture data. US No 2 corn and US No. 2 grain sorghum were steamed exactly 20, 30, or 40 minutes and then flaked utilizing a laboratory steam flaker. Corn required more (P<.05) electrical energy and processing time for steam-flaking as compared to sorghum grain after 20 and 40 minutes of steaming time. Flake durability was greatest in corn across all cooking times and was diflferent (P<.05) from grain sorghum. The effect of grain sorghum cultivar on flake quality and utilization by ruminants was determined. Grains consisted of waxy, heterowaxy and normal endosperm type grain sorghum cultivars. The commercial cultivars utilized in this study represent the major genetics utilized by the seed industry today. Differences (P <.05) in digestibility were found across grain sorghum cultivars after 2, 4, 8,16,24,48 and 96 hours of incubation time in rumen fluid. Differences (P<.05) in starch availability and starch solubility after 8 h of incubation time in rumen fluid were found among grain sorghum cultivars. Time and energy required to process 22.72 kg were different (P<.05) across grain sorghum cultivars. Use of raw grain parameters along with starch texture analysis was utilized to develop an index to predict flake quality and equations to determine starch availability. The starch solubility technique which was developed in this work may be a better predictor of starch utilization than the present enzyme susceptible starch technique utilized by the industry today Starch solubility was positivley correlated to enzyme susceptible starch, however, it was not significant (P=.1361). Starch solubility was positivley correlated to 8 h dry matter digestibility and was significant (P=.0611). This indicates that starch solubility may predict utilization better than the standard enzyme susceptible starch method. Results indicate that grain sorghum processes more efficiently than corn when steam-flaking for cattle cultivar of grain sorghum has an effect on nutrient utilization and flake characteristics. These data indicate that regression equations can be used to predict flake quality and starch availability.Item Amino acid supplementation of grain sorghum for young pigs(Texas Tech University, 1971-08) McManigal, James GunterNot availableItem Amino acid supplementation of sorghum-soybean meal diets for growing pigs(Texas Tech University, 1978-05) Hsiao, David Queen-PingNot availableItem An evaluation of the antioxidant properties of grain sorghum(Texas Tech University, 1972-12) Wong, Mee ChengNot availableItem Availability of selected amino acids in sorghum(Texas Tech University, 1976-05) Copelin, Johnny LandonNot availableItem Chemical Treatment of Grain Sorghum for Increased Digestibility and Recovery of Industrial By-Products(Texas Tech University, 1973-12) Master, Jagdish ShantilalNot Available.Item Effect of micronization temperature on the nutritive value of sorghum(Texas Tech University, 1978-08) Shiau, Shi-yenNot availableItem Effect of Micronizing on the Nutritional Value of Grain Sorghum(Texas Tech University, 1972-12) Tsai, Lung-ChinNot Available.Item Effect of micronizing on the nutritive value of sorghum for swine(Texas Tech University, 1975-05) Shiau, Shi-yenNot availableItem Effect of pelleting sorghum-soybean meal diets with and without 5% added fat on the performance and shrink of swine(Texas Tech University, 1979-12) Cera, Kevin RaceNot availableItem Effects of sorghum distiller's grains on performance and carcass characteristics of cattle fed steam flaked corn based diets(Texas Tech University, 2004-12) Lemon, Kurt ATwo hundred crossbred beef steers (initial body weight = 404.5 ± 16.7 kg) were used to determine the effects of graded levels of wet sorghum distiller's grain and one level of wet com distiller's grain included in steam-flaked corn-based diets of finishing beef steers on performance and carcass characteristics. The five dietary treatments (dry matter basis) included: 1) a standard finishing diet (CON); 2) a diet containing 5% wet sorghum distiller's grain replacing steam-flaked com (5%); 3) a diet with 10% wet sorghum distiller's grain (10%); 4) a diet containing 15% wet sorghum distiller's grain (15%); and 5) a diet with 10% wet corn distiller's grain (C10%) replacing steam-flaked com. Cattle were on feed for an average of 133 d. A randomized complete block design was used with pen as the experimental unit (eight pens per treatment). There was a tendency for a linear decrease in dry matter intake (DMI; P = 0.15) for the overall feeding period as the level of sorghum distiller's grain increased in the diet. In addition, cattle fed the C10% diet tended to consume less DM than those fed the 15% {P = 0.10). A linear decrease in overall average daily gain (ADG; P = 0.01) was noted for cattle fed increasing quantities of sorghum distiller's grain, and this effect was more evident when ADG was adjusted to a common dressing percent (carcass-adjusted ADG; P = 0.001). Feed efficiency, expressed as feed:gain ratio (F:G) followed the same trend (P = 0.12) as overall ADG, as did the carcass-adjusted F:G (P = 0.001). Hot carcass weight and longissimus muscle area decreased linearly (P = 0.009) as the concentration of sorghum distiller's grain increased in the diet. Yield grade increased linearly (P = 0.09) with increasing sorghum distiller's grain level. Steers fed the C10% treatment decreased fat thickness at the 12'*^ rib interface, and kidney, pelvic, and heart fat (P < 0.04) than with the 10% sorghum distillers grain diet. There were no effects on dressing percent, marbling, number of carcasses grading Choice, or the number of liver abscess (P > 0.26). Because of conflicting data from previous research conducted primarily with dry-rolled com-based diets, further research is needed to confirm the lack of response noted in the present study from the replacement of steam-flaked com with wet distiller's grains in the diets of finishing beef cattle.Item Ergot infested sorghum for swine and sorghum silage for sheep(Texas Tech University, 2000-08) Abdelrahim, Gamalelden MSorghum is the fifth most important cereal grain in the world after wheat, rice, maize, and barley. Incidence of molds and mycotoxins in commercial animal feed mills, if it exists, is a very serious problem. The first study was conducted to investigate the impact of three levels of sorghum infected with ergot alkaloids on the reproductive performance of swine. Eighteen sows were placed on one of three treatments containing 0 ppm, 12 ppm and 24 ppm ergot alkaloids. With the exception of the control treatment, the same sows were used during the first and second parities. There were six sows per treatment group. Results indicated that combined gain of 28 d old nursing pigs was higher (P < 0.05) for the 24 ppm ergot alkaloids treatment than for 12 ppm. During the first parity, interval to estrus was less (P < 0.05) for the 24 ppm ergot alkaloids treatments than for 12 ppm. Variables that were affected by the level of ergot alkaloids during the second parity were weight of live pigs bom and lactation feed intake. The number of live pigs bom was higher {P < 0.05) for 24 ppm and 12 ppm than for 0 ppm ergot alkaloids. Additionally, lactation feed intake was higher (P < 0.05) for 0 ppm than for 12 ppm. Gain at day 28 was the only variable affected by the treatments, when results were combined for parity one and parity two. Gain at day-28 was higher {P < 0.05) for 0 ppm and 24 ppm ergot alkaloids than for 12 ppm. Overall, variables that were affected by the infestation of grain sorghum by the ergot alkaloids were pig gain to day-28; lactation feed intake and interval to next estrus. The second project investigated the performance of 24 wether lambs fed corn, brown midrib-100, fame and Cow Vittles II silages. Silage is a palatable high-yielding source of nutrients for ruminants. In this study, silages supplemented were either cottonseed meal, coated cottonseed or uncoated cottonseed. Sorghum silages compared to com silage increased (P < 0.01) intakes of magnesium, copper, zinc, iron and manganese. Intakes of dry matter, nitrogen, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, copper, potassium, sulfur, manganese and iron were higher (P < 0.01) for brown midrib- 100 than for the mean of fame and Cow Vittles II. Additionally, intakes of copper, manganese and iron were higher (P < 0.01) for fame than for Cow Vittles.Item Grain Sorghum Types and Corn in Steer Finishing Rations(Texas Tech University, 1974-05) Kellison, RickyNot Available.Item Grain sorghum: market structure of the High Plains(Texas Tech University, 1970-05) Snodgrass, Jesse CarterNot availableItem In Vitro Enzymatic Degradation of Regular and Waxy Sorghum Grains Reconstituted at Various Moisture Levels(Texas Tech University, 1971-08) Nishimuta, John FNot Available.Item Item Nutritive value of reconstructed regular and waxy sorghum grain(Texas Tech University, 1970-08) Finley, Larry GeneNot availableItem Ozone treated sorghum stover for ruminants(Texas Tech University, 1982-12) Bunting, Lawrence DwainNot availableItem Pelleting sorghum diets on performance and shrink of swine(Texas Tech University, 1979-05) Hayes, Kenneth WayneNot available