Browsing by Subject "Sewage lagoons"
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Item Effects of infiltration beneath a waste stabilization pond(Texas Tech University, 1998-12) Garza, Mari EliseThe Texas High Plains area has a large cattle feedlot industry that has developed in the past 25 years that is believed to be a potential polluter of the surface water and groundwater supplies in the Texas High Plains. It is believed a natural liner can be formed when manure is placed on top of soil in an agricultural wastewater lagoon. This project focused primarily on the infiltration characteristics beneath an agricultural wastewater treatment pond. The soil found beneath an agricultural pond in New Deal, Texas was used in a laboratory experiment to study the infiltration rates through soil and manure layers. A qualitative analysis was completed to determine the ways in which nitrogen is used by the microbes in the natural sealing process. Analysis of the infiltration data reveal that in less than two months the infiltration rate decreased from an average of 3.53 x 10" cm/sec to less than 1 x 10' cm/sec. The 1x10' cm/sec is the infiltration rate maximum allowed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). A manure depth of 2" to 12" did not impact the time to slow the infiltration rate. But the manure and the soil had to be present to slow or stop infiltration because the columns with no manure could not retain any water. The qualitative analysis revealed that the majority of the nitrogen in the column was in the form of TKN and ammonia. The more manure in the column the higher the concentration of total nitrogen. A mathematical model was developed to describe the non-linear flmction of the flow pattern of hydraulic conductivity over time. The model was highly significant to the fit of the data collected from the columns. All the R" values obtained by the mathematical model were greater than 0.95.Item Infiltration and water quality impacts associated with wastewater ponds(Texas Tech University, 1999-12) Domansky, JohnThe Texas High Plains area during the past 25 years has developed a large cattle feedlot industry that is believed to be a polluter of the surface water and groundwater supplies. It is believed that a natural liner can be formed when manure is placed on top of soil in an agricultural wastewater lagoon. The research contained in this project focused primarily on the infiltration characteristics beneath an integrated facultative pond (IFP) constructed near New Deal, TX. Samplers were placed transversing the cross section of the IFP and the water permeating the soil was monitored for a period from July 27, 1997 to May 30, 1999 and the permeability of the pond was determined. Results show that the pond attained permeability less than the Texas Natural Resources Conservation Commission (TNRCC) regulations of 1.0 x 10" cm/sec. Additional analysis was conducted to determine what the packed manure layer thickness was at the bottom of the pit. This packed manure layer ranged in thickness from 5 cm to 10 cm in most cases. Additionally, the water that infiltrated into the underlying groundwater supply was monitored for wastewater constituents. This monitoring showed that nitratenitrogen levels were within the limits established by the National Primary Drinking Water Standards (NPDWS).Item Lagoon treatment of combined textile and domestic wastes(Texas Tech University, 1974-05) Opitz, Danny CarlNot availableItem Methodology for the sizing of storage requirements of slow rate land treatment systems using various management options(Texas Tech University, 1989-12) Abtew, WossenuSlow-rate land application is a means of treating and making beneficial use of wastewater. The cost of treatment of wastewater with the slow-rate system is dependent on the sizing of the storage requirements and the management of the system. Management decisions such as crop selection, choice of cultural practices, leaching scheduling, and water-nutrient application have a direct bearing on sizing of the effluent storage pond. In this study a numerical simulation method is used to develop a logical storage sizing methodology. A statistical method is presented to attach risk of failure and uncertainty involved in the decision making with the sizing of the storage. Stochastic mass balance models are developed to keep track of flow of water, nutrients, and dissolved solids in the sub-systems of the slow-rate system. A stochastic optimization model for maximizing application rate of water and nutrients at all times is formulated and this in return minimizes the need for storage. The role of management decisions on the size of the system and treatment efficiency is evaluated. Nutrient level regulation through aging of wastewater is presented as a means of minimizing pollution.