Browsing by Subject "Saponins in agriculture"
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Item The effects of SarStart DSC (Trademark) and corn processing method on performance and carcass characteristics of finishing beef steers(Texas Tech University, 2001-12) Barrett, Kenneth E.One hundred twenty beef steers (337.6 kg; Angus, Charolais, and Angus x Charolais) were used to test the effects of gram processing method and Sar Start DSC on animal performance and carcass characteristics. Cattle were blocked by body weight (BW) into six blocks and assigned randomly to one of four treatments. Treatments were steam-flaked (SF) corn (SFO), SF corn with 111 mg of SarStart DSC/kg of dietan DM (SF+), dry-rolled (DR) corn (DRO), and DR corn with 111 mg of SarStart DSC/kg of dietary DM (DR+). Cattle were housed in slotted concrete floor pens, five animals per pen, and fed their respective treatment diets. The steers were initially started on an 80% concentrate diet and then stepped up to the final 90% concentrate treatment diets. Body weight was recorded every 28 d, and orts were weighed and analyzed for dry matter (DM). These data were used to determine average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI), and feed efficiency. The heaviest three blocks of cattle were fed for 133 d, and the lightest three blocks were fed for 151 d. Carcass measurements taken at slaughter included hot carcass weight, longissimus muscle (LM) area, marbling score, percentage of kidney, pelvic, and heart fat (KPH), back fat thickness, USDA quality grade and yield grades, and liver abscess score. An in vitro DM disappearance (FVDMD) procedure was used to evaluate the dose response of SarStart DSC. Treatments for the IVDMD were DR and SF corn with 0, 27.75, 55.5, 83.25, and 111 mg of SarStart DSC/kg of corn DM arranged m a 2 x 5 factorial. Substrates were incubated at 39°C m 50-mL test tubes for 4. 8, 12, 24, or 48 h in a ruminal fluid buffer solution. Digested substrates were then incubated in an acidified pepsm solution for 48 h. After filtering, digested substrates were dried overnight m a 100°C forced-air oven and analyzed for IVDMD. Cattle that were fed the SF com-based diets consumed less feed (P < .01) and were more efficient at converting feed to gain (P < 0.01) than those fed the DR corn-based diets. The ADG by cattle fed the DR corn-based diet did not differ from that of cattle fed the SF combased diet. The addition of SarStart DSC to the diet did not affect (P > 0.80) animal performance over the feeding period. Carcass data were not affected (P > 0.17) by either grain processmg method or SarStart DSC. There was a grain processing method x SarStart DSC interaction (P < 0.04) for marbling score. SarStart DSC increased the marbling score of cattle fed the SF com-based diet and decreased the marbling score of cattle fed the DR corn-based diet. Quality grade and liver score distributions were not affected by either grain processing method or SarStart DSC. The IVDMD data showed an increase (P < 0.01) in the rate of digestion for SF com compared with DR com; however, there was no difference (P > 0.09) m FVDMD at 48 h between the two grain processing methods. The FVDMD increased linearly as the concentration of SarStart DSC increased for the 4, 12, and 24-h incubations (P < 0.20, 0.02, and 0.01, respectively); however, the FVDMD decreased linearly (P < 0.01) as SarStart DSC increased for the 8-h incubation. SarStart DSC did not affect FVDMD for the 48-h incubation (P > 0.53). The reasons for the inverse relationship between SarStart DSC and FVDMD for the 8-h incubation are unclear. It is concluded that SF corn-based diets improved animal performance compared with DR corn-based diets and that the addition of 111 mg of SarStart DSC/kg of dietary DM did not enhance performance or carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle.