Browsing by Subject "Rural elderly"
Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Helping skills in the implementation of a project to assist the rural aged: effectiveness of a microtraining model(Texas Tech University, 1981-08) Mickey, Callie ParkerNot availableItem Nutritional assessment and self-efficacy evaluation in determining risk in an elderly cohort study(Texas Tech University, 1997-08) Wish, Karen WhitneyThe Nutrition Screening Initiative (NSI), a screening protocol for elderly individuals, was validated against recognized anthropometric, biochemical, and physical indicators of malnutrition in a study conducted in two rural communities. This follow-up study assessed the participants to determine if there were differences in the nutritional risk factors a year later. A second purpose was to assess differences in dietary intake data obtained by 24-hour recall and food frequency questionnaire, and differences in identification of nutritional risk, intake < 67% of the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). A third purpose was to correlate nutrition health belief data and self-efficacy data, and to assess the relationship between these instruments and nutritional risk factors. Sixty-six participants (74% return rate) participated in the follow-up assessment, 46 females and 20 males (mean age 74.6 years, range 61 to 89 years). There were no significant differences in the objective measures of nutritional status one year later. The mean NSI Determine Checklist score for assessing nutritional risk was 5.4 in the current study and 5.0 in the past study (p = 0.5095). The lack of change may be due to the short time between assessments. There were significant differences between the two dietary analysis instruments. Differences were evident in mean nutrient intakes, the number of nutrients identified as < 67% of the RDAs, and factors related to nutritional risk. Nutrients of concern identified in this study were vitamins E, D, Bg, thiamin, and calcium. The nutrition health belief instrument barrier scores were poorly correlated to self-efficacy scores (r = -0.09), and the benefit and barrier components of the nutrition instrument ( r = - 0.25). Self-efficacy scores were highly correlated to benefit categories (r = 0.79). Since barriers interfere more with dietary intervention success, the self-efficacy instrument might not provide adequate information for dietary behavior change programs. Relationships between the Determine Checklist nutrition risk scores and risks due to dietary deficiency or barriers to behavior change were not established. Using one instrument for nutritional risk screening will identify some individuals, but others with unaddressed risks may not be identified.Item Objective validation of a nutrition screening instrument in two rural communities(Texas Tech University, 1995-05) Bonilla, Joseph C.The Nutrition Screening Initiative (NSI) developed an instrument, the "Determine Your Nutritional Health" checklist, to identify the presence of risk factors for malnutrition among the elderly while promoting education about these risk factors. The purpose of this study was to validate the instrument's determination of nutritional risk against recognized anthropometric, biochemical, and physical indicators of malnutrition. Data were collected in two rural communities, one with a physician-ttaffed clinic and one with a small acutecare hospital/clinic. Free-living participants responded to a 43-item expansion of the Determine checklist and a nutrient specific food frequency measuring adherence to the Food Guide Pyramid and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. A total of 119 subjects were interviewed, of which 89 (74.8%) agreed to have anthropometric measurements, a fasting blood draw, and a physical examination for clinical indicators of malnutrition. The mean age of the seniors who completed the study (61 females, 28 males) was 73.6 years, ranging from 58 to 89 years. Mean nutritional risk score by the Determine checklist was 4.58, which is within the moderate nutritional risk range (3 to 5). Mean scores for the clinic (4.22) and the hospital/clinic (4.98) communities did not significantly differ. The Determine checklist identified 78.6% (70 of 89) at nutritional risk. Correlation analysis showed that Determine score had limited association only with hemo^obin status (R=.2377, p=.0249) and glucose status (R=.2259, £=.0333). Internal reliability of the food frequency was acceptable (a=0.7375). Analysis of eating habits showed subjects ate foodshigh in sugar, sodium, fat, and fiber 1 to 2 times weekly, but reported low compliance with eating the recommended daily number of servings of foods from the bread and dairy groups. The "Determine Your Nutritional Health" checklist and the food frequency used in this study may be useful in identifying individual risk factors of nutritional health and eating habits associated with the Food Guide Pyramid and Dietary Guidelines for Americans, educating senior citizens, and directing them to appropriate social, medical, and nutritional services. However, the Determine checklist was found to have limited association with accepted objective measures of nutritional status among senior participants.