Browsing by Subject "Plant growth promoting substances"
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Item Evaluation of seed applied plant growth regulators on cotton germination, emergence, and growth(Texas Tech University, 1998-12) Becker, William DavidSeveral PGRs, each with numerous formulations, are registered for use in cotton as foliar, seed treatment, or in-furrow applications. Manufacturers of these PGRs purport beneficial plant responses, which include more rapid germination and emergence, increased root and shoot development, increased ability to withstand various stresses, as well as increased yields. Research investigating the effects of PGRs on early season growth of cotton has shown inconsistent results. Fungicides and insecticides are routinely applied to cottonseed prior to planting because of the convenience this method of application affords. This same convenience might prove beneficial for PGR applications, but research investigating the effects of seed applied PGRs has also shown inconsistent results. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of several commercially available plant growth regulators on germination, emergence, and early season growth of cotton when applied as seed treatments at 0.5x, 1 .0x, and 2.0x the manufacturer's recommended rates.Item Harvest aid combination and application timing effects on lint yield and fiber quality(Texas Tech University, 2002-05) Kelley, Mark S.Since the advent of harvest aids, upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) producers in the Texas High Plains have benefitted from early crop termination and timely harvesting. Cotton produced on the Texas High Plains can typically be characterized as non-rank, irrigated, short-season stripper-harvested types. Leaving a crop in the field until a freeze can reduce lint yields and quality due to inclement weather skuations. These losses can often be reduced when harvest aids are utilized. The objectives of this research were to determine how early a crop could be terminated without adversely affecting lint production and quality. Replicated field experiments were conducted at 3 locations (1 in 1998 and 2 in 1999). Treatments consisted of (1) ethephon [(2-Chloroethyl) phosphonic acid] + tributes (S,S,S-Tributyl phosphorotrithioate), (2) thidiazuron/diuron [N-phenyl-N'-l ,2,3-thidiazol-5-ylurea/3-(3,4- ichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] alone and (3) ethephon + thidiazuron/diuron. These were all applied at 0-10, 30 and 60% open boll (OB) and terminated with paraquat (1,1' -dimethyl 4,4' -bipyridinium dichloride) at 7 to 14 days after 60% OB applications. In addition, two untreated controls (one terminated with paraquat and one left to freeze) were evaluated. Data from these studies indicate that yield can be adversely affected by early applications of harvest aids. Yield results from the 3 locations indicate chemical treatment regime had no significant effect on bur cotton, lint and seed yields. However, application timing had a significant effect on yields. Extremely early (0-10% OB) applications of harvest aids significantly reduced yields. The 30% OB application timings at Halfway and Petersburg, however, had no effect on yield then compared to the 60% OB application timings. This is due in part to the crop and environmental conditions at time of application. Certain HVI fiber properties may also be adversely affected by early harvest aid applications, including reductions in micronaire values. Micronaire values were reduced by the 0-10% OB applications at Olton and Petersburg. Chemical treatment regime, however, did not significantly impact micronaire at any location. Although lint quality may be influenced by application timing of harvest aids, those influences may not affect final lint value. The use of ethephon may reduce APIS measurements of fineness and fiber maturity values while in turn increasing immature fiber content (IPC) as was observed at Halfway in 1999. Application timing also had an impact on APIS measurements of fineness, IPC, and maturity ratio. The results from APIS measurements helped explain the reductions in micronaire values at Petersburg. In conclusion, producers on the High Plains of Texas would benefit from waking until 60% of harvestable bolls are open before applying harvest aids under normal conditions. Should the need arise to apply harvest aids at earlier timings, 30% OB applications may prevent significant yield and fiber quality losses if detrimental weather, such as an early freeze, is expected. This however may in itself cause yield losses if the condition of the crop is not conducive to harvest aid applications.Item Influence of Ethrel on Phenological Development in Mesquite(Texas Tech University, 1972-12) Parsons, David LNot Available.Item Responses of Marchantia gemmae to certain growth substances(Texas Tech University, 1969-08) Brown, Patsy BennettNot availableItem Use of IsoVitaleX[superscript tm] enrichment for the growth of Haemophilus somnus(Texas Tech University, 1981-05) Asmussen, Maurice DwayneThe effect of IsoVitaleX on the growth of ten strains of Haemophilus somnus was studied. A six to ten-fold increase in growth was observed as measured turbidimetrically when IsoVitaleX was added to a basal medium of brain-heart infusion broth to a final concentration of 1% (volume/volume). Thiamine pyrophosphate, a constituent component of IsoVitaleX, was found to be the growth promoting factor and would completely substitute for IsoVitaleX. An equal concentration (2.2 yM) of thiamine monophosphate promoted growth equal to that of thiamine pyrophosphate. Thiamine was nonstimulatory for all ten strains tested. When alkaline, thermal treated, brain-heart infusion broth was used as the basal medium, seven of the ten strains had an absolute requirement for thiamine monophosphate or thiamine pyrophosphate. The three remaining strains showed minimal growth when thiamine was added to this basal medium. However excellent growth was observed when thiamine monophosphate or thiamine pyrophosphate was utilized. Factor X (hemin) was found to further enhance the growth when concentrations of 5-10 yg/ml were coupled with thiamine pyrophosphate. No increase in growth was observed when factor V (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) was coupled with thiamine pyrophosphate. This is the first report of a growth factor requirement for Haemophilus somnus.