Browsing by Subject "Maladaptive behaviors"
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Item Gene × environment interactions in early externalizing behaviors : parental emotional support and socioeconomic context as moderators of genetic influences?(2015-05) Cheung, Amanda Kingsze; Tucker-Drob, Elliot MaxPrevious findings on gene × environment interactions on externalizing behaviors have been inconsistent. In an attempt to provide clarity on this inconsistency, our study used two longitudinal population-based samples of young twins to examine the independent effects of two moderators commonly studied in the externalizing literature. Our first sample, the twin subsample from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort (ECLS-B), was composed of approximately 600 twin pairs measured on externalizing at ages 4 and 5. We tested for gene × parental emotional support and gene × socioeconomic status interactions on externalizing. Results indicated stronger genetic influences on externalizing at higher levels of parental emotional support but also at lower levels of socioeconomic status. These moderation effects, however, were not replicated in our analyses of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-Child Supplement (C-NLSY) data, which contained 2370 pairs of siblings measured on externalizing at ages 4-5 and ages 6-7. Our results highlight the need for replication in quantitative behavior genetics research on externalizing behaviors.Item The use of function communication training in the classroom to decrease maladaptive behaviors and increase communicative responses in children with autism(2012-08) Quine, Amanda; Lock, Robin; Banda, Devender R.; Elkins, LeannMaladaptive behaviors present in children with ASD can be linked to many environmental functions such as tangible, escape, attention, or sensory related situations. A growing theme across both the classroom and in research presents a connection between communication deficits and the increased likelihood of maladaptive behaviors. For this reason, addressing communication deficits has the potential to decrease maladaptive behaviors and increase functional communicative abilities. This research project is designed to assess the efficiency of combining discrete trial training and functional communication training to decrease maladaptive behaviors and increase communication in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The communication barrier exhibited in many children with ASD restricts their ability to progress through everyday situations. A multiple baseline across participants design was used to determine the effectiveness of the treatment package on increasing functional communication and decreasing maladaptive behaviors. The results of the study indicated that functional communication can be obtained and used a replacement behavior for the targeted maladaptive behaviors. All three participants acquired a communication modality and were able to use the modality in FCT. Of the three participants, two decreased the frequency of their maladaptive behavior. The third participant did not display any maladaptive behaviors during the course of the research.