Browsing by Subject "International business enterprises"
Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item An examination of standardization on select multinational company homepages(Texas Tech University, 2000-05) Cheng, Kuei-WenCommunication with consumers across cultures and nations has become increasingly important in the field of advertising due to the rapid growth of the world economy, the increase of mergers and acquisitions, the new access to market expansion and the advance of new media technology. Increased globalization has led multinational companies to ponder whether to standardize or adapt their marketing and advertising strategies across countries. In particular, the emergence of the Internet has changed communication in today's world. Marketers have perceived the Internet as an important medium due to its global reach and provision of rapid information. A number of companies have successfully expanded their markets by establishing web sites on the Internet. This exploratory study is designed to examine the extent of standardization presented on multinational company (MNC) homepages.Item Business-level strategies and performance in a global industry(Texas Tech University, 1998-08) Kaymak, TurhanBoth conventional wisdom and theoretical arguments lend support to the proposition that in global industries multinational enterprises (MNEs) will outperfor their domestic rivals. According to this position MNEs benefit from economies of scale in production, purchasing, distribution, and R&D, which places them in an advantageous position. Furthermore, they may enjoy lower labor costs, have easier access to capital and engage in cross-subsidization across national markets. But is this really the case? Extant research has not provided us with an unequivocal answer. This study attempts to address this issue, among others, by looking at the business-level strategies and performance of firms operating in a global industry. The literature review provides the theoretical foundation for the hypotheses. Issues pertaining to industrial organization (10) economics and the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm are presented, which is then followed by a discussion on MNEs, the environment, and business-level strategies. This dissertation utilizes Porter's (1980) well-known typology of generic businesslevel strategies while analyzing the competitive actions of both MNEs and domestic firms to uncover the appropriate strategies for these entities. A twenty-seven firm sample from the semiconductor industry is used to test the hypotheses. In contrast to traditional survey type approaches, the generic strategies of low-cost leadership, differentiation, and focus are measured with objective data. Also, due to the small sample size, this study employs nonparametric techniques while tackling the research question. The results provide support for the hypothesis that domestic firms will follow focus low-cost strategies in a global industry. Some of the remaining results are in the right direction but do not reach statistical significance. Of great interest, however, is that no evidence was found for the widely held position that MNEs outperform their domestic rivals in global industries. It seems that domestic firms are holding their own in the semiconductor industry by simply exporting their products, and thus are avoiding the problems associated with having production facilities in more than one nation.Item Commitment and trust in cross-cultural marketing relationships: the effect of cultural adaptation(Texas Tech University, 2001-05) Walton, James RobertRecent articles have conceptualized the elements of successful marketing relationships from a predominately within-culture perspective. However, crosscultural marketing relationships present distinct challenges for firms competing in today's multicultural global economy. This study attempts to expand the current understanding of cross-cultural marketing relationships by developing a hypothetical model Incorporating and internationalizing existing models of relationship commitment and trust as key mediating variables in such relationships. The focus of this study Is that a firm's adaptation to its partner's culture. Is an Important element that significantly affects cooperation In cross-cultural marketing relationships. A conceptual model of the effect of cultural adaptation on commitment and trust In cross-cultural marketing relationships is presented and research hypotheses developed. In order to empirically test the hypotheses of interest primary data collection was required. The sample consisted of members of the Chambers of Commerce of two major cities in the southwestern United States that were identified as doing business with foreign firms. To control for the variance of environmental factors commonly associated with doing business. In different countries, the empirical setting of this study was purposely restricted to solicit responses from U.S. firms doing business with firms in only one country, Mexico. The hypothesized relationships in the model were tested using structural equation modeling. Most of the research hypotheses presented were supported. Specifically, this study found that cultural adaptation by the focal firm has a significant effect on commitment in such relationships and, as in previous domestic studies, commitment leads positively to cooperation In cross-cultural relationships. This research provides managers of cross-cultural marketing relationships with a better understanding of the role of cultural adaptation in building trust and commitment in such relationships. Such understanding is the first step in improving cooperation, and ultimately the likelihood of success, in long-term cross-cultural marketing relationships.Item Conflict measurement in the distribution channel of joint ventures: an empirical investigation(Texas Tech University, 1984-05) Habib, Ghazi MahmoudNot availableItem Conflicts between multinational corporations and less developed countries: the case of bauxite mining in the Caribbean with special reference to Guyana(Texas Tech University, 1976-05) Persaud, ThakoorThe interface between DCs and LDCs in the international economic system includes several dimensions. The major ones involve the.international trade, monetary, investment, assistance, and technology transfer systems. Multinational Corporations (MNCs) have become institutions of great importance in the international economic system. Their activities span all of the dimensions of the international economic system, and they are a focal point in DC-LDC relationships. In recent years LDC dissatisfaction with the nature of the international economic system increased and has lead to the call for a new international economic order. At the center of the growing discontent has been growing dissatisfaction with MNCs and with foreign exchange earnings from primary product exports--many of which are produced and sold by MNCs. That several of these primary products are sold to DCs and provide raw materials for their industrial economies is a point not lost to the LDCs. MNCs are widely regarded as providing important flov/s of benefits for the countries which host them, for their home countries, and for the global economy in general; and for having potential for even greater flows in the future. However, disenchantment with them has arisen in recent years in both DCs and LDCs as awareness of costs associated with MNCs' activities has spread and opinions of their magnitudes increased. This has led to a series of controversies about appropriate policies toward them by home countries, host countries, and international organizations. The outcomes of policies toward MNCs and the conditions associated with them promise to influence greatly the future nature and performance of the international economic system and that of individual national participants within it.Item The Yamal gas pipeline: a case study in the political economy(Texas Tech University, 1988-08) Hasenoehrl, NicolasNot availableItem Two essays on international corporate finance(2002) Wei, Dan; Starks, Laura T.The increasing globalization in recent years means that issues related to cross- border transactions have greater impact on firm value. In this paper I examine two aspects of them: asymmetric information and foreign exchange risk. In the first essay, I empirically examine the impact of information asymmetry on characteristics of cross-border mergers. The role of asymmetric information regarding the acquirerís quality is motivated in the context of an entry decision model where there exists a fixed entry cost associated with direct entry and asymmetric information in the merger process. I find that acquisitions will more likely be foreign firmsí mode of entry for those industries that are less competitive or have higher entry costs. Further, I show that acquirers (targets) in cross-border deals experience smaller (larger) wealth gains than do acquir- ers (targets) in domestic cross-industry deals. These differences in takeover premiums are mainly driven by entries into those industries with small fixed entry cost or high level of competition. Finally, I find that target and bidder takeover premiums vary systematically across different industries and bidders from different countries according to the degree of information asymmetry involved. The empirical results imply that asymmetric information affects foreign firmsí mode of foreign direct investment and causes the market to react differently to domestic cross-industry and cross-border mergers in the U.S. In the second essay, I investigate another problem that widely affects all firms in- volved in foreign businesses. That is, I try to explain how much a firmís stock price should be affected the currency risk. Using a sample of U.S. manufactur- ing firms, I find that firms with higher expected costs of financial distress, as proxied by lower liquidity, higher level of short-term leverage, smaller size and greater growth opportunity, are more likely to exhibit significant exchange rate exposures. At the industry level, the relation between exchange rate exposure and expected cost of financial distress appears to be even stronger. Finally, using an event study methodology, I provide evidence that firms with higher expected costs of financial distress show larger reactions to large, unexpected exchange rate shocks.