Browsing by Subject "International"
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Item An analysis of the LDC bank loan market in light of two major defaults(Texas Tech University, 1997-05) Danisoglu, SezaIn this study, the focus will be on the consequential effects of such crises from the point of view of commercial banks that are involved in the lending process. An analysis will be carried out to learn the effects of the debt crisis on the Third World bank loan market. Specific questions will be asked as to the types of structural changes that take place when lending transforms into a crisis situation, and the impact of such crises on the market valuation of commercial banks. The main purpose of the research will be to identify the changes, if any, in the behavioral patterns of the commercial banks in the foreign debt market, after this market was struck in the early 1980s by a wave of worldwide defaults and moratoria by the Third World borrowers.Item Analysis of the size, accessibility, and profitability of international defense sales in times of U.S. budget uncertainty(2015-05) Massey, Daniel Lee; Gholz, Eugene, 1971-; Gilbert, StephenImmediately prior to and following cuts to the U.S. defense budget in 2013, executives and board members from Lockheed Martin, Boeing, BAE Systems, Raytheon, Northrop Grumman, and General Dynamics specifically cited the need to increase international sales to make up for lost U.S. revenue. Some statements predict aggressive international growth in the immediate future, while others take a more moderate or long-term approach. The purpose of this paper is to assess whether the international defense market is sufficiently large, accessible, and profitable for U.S. defense companies to maintain or grow overall revenue and profitability in the face of static or shrinking defense budgets in the United States.Item Conflict and conflict resolution: the role of WTO in Sino-US trade disputes(Texas Tech University, 2004-05) Shiyong, YeNot availableItem Does a common set of accounting standards affect tax-motivated income shifting for multinational firms?(2013-05) De Simone, Lisa Nicole; Mills, Lillian F.I examine an unintended consequence of countries permitting or requiring a common set of accounting standards for unconsolidated financial reporting. Specifically, I test whether adoption of IFRS facilitates income tax-motivated profit shifting by multinational entities (MNEs). MNEs often justify transfer prices to tax authorities by benchmarking intercompany profit allocations against a range of profit rates reported by economically comparable, independent firms that use similar accounting standards. A larger set of qualifying benchmark firms resulting from IFRS adoption could allow opportunistic managers to support more tax-advantaged transfer prices. I use a database of EU unconsolidated financial and ownership information to identify tax-motivated income shifting over 2001 to 2010. I estimate a statistically and economically significant 17.5 percent tax-motivated change in reported pre-tax profits following affiliate IFRS adoption, relative to no change in income shifting behavior for non-adopters. The magnitude of this effect increases in expansions to the set of potential benchmark firms upon affiliate IFRS adoption.Item Identity, mobility, and marginality : counseling third culture kids in college(2012-05) Downey, Dana Leigh; Awad, Germine H.; Moore, Leslie A.The number of Americans living abroad currently is estimated at over four million, with over 37,000 matriculating into U.S. universities each year. If the social media giant Facebook were a country, it would be third largest in the world, with over 300 million users outside of America. The trajectory of our society is increasingly global. Amidst this shift, there is a unique multicultural subpopulation emerging-- Third Culture Kids (TCK), who experience a collision of cultures and form hybrid identities in the course of their development. TCKs are more specifically when a person spends a significant part of their developmental years outside their parents’ culture. The TCK takes on pieces of each culture, while never fully ‘belonging’ to any. They are most at home around others of a similar transient background. This report synthesizes research about globally mobile populations from across disciples, highlighting grief and ambiguous losses, acculturation stresses, and identity development. Potential implications for the college campus— at institutional and individual levels— will be discussed. This overview of current research and resources equips college counselors with a frame of reference for engaging this third culture in a holistic and contextualized manner.Item Income and occupation dynamics in the globalization era: a case study in Chia-Yi County, Taiwan(Texas Tech University, 2001-08) Jiang, TingAfter the industrial era, the United States and other economically advanced countries have gradually shifted to the so-called "information society." In this new society, services industries increasingly displaced manufacturing as sources of wealth creation. The role of information became pervasive and mental labor tended to replace physical labor as the dominant economic activities (Fukuyama, 1999). With the rise of the "information age" (Castells, 1996) and the coming of the prevailing "accelerated globalization" (Mittelman, 2000), profound changes took place in the former economic, political, and culture spheres of these societies. "Accelerated globalization," is rooted in the development of liberal economy, and informational technologies. The information technologies mainly refer to computermediated communication infrastructure, the digitalization technology, and the electronic network, typically represented by the Internet. With its frenzied e-speed, globalization profoundly affects the network of social institutions on which societies are based: family, community, and state (OECD, 1997). Many important structural aspects are redefined under this catalyst, for example, organization-structures, industrial work relationships, occupations, urban problems, etc.Item Intent versus outcome of international mural exchange(2011-08) Batson, Amanda Ashley; Bolin, Paul Erik, 1954-In an attempt to rectify the issues and concerns on the impact of an international mural exchange created by the organization Let Art Talk in 2008, I traveled to Uganda to pursue a similar community based, environmentally themed art workshops and Talking Mural. This theme-based mural was created and then given to a school in Plano, Texas to complete. My role was to investigate the work being done and the potential effects of learning on participants involved and to gauge the communication and learning exchanged between the participants in two varied communities. Through the creation of a mural using case study methods, it was also to be determined if the mission and goals of the project were accomplished. This study was focused on the following question: In what ways and to what extent is the purposeful intent and meaning of the artwork made by students in Uganda--as part of a mural exchange program about environmental issues that occurs between students in Uganda and the United States--understood by the students in the United States who view and respond to this artwork?Item Mexican immigrant newcomer students in central Texas : a study of immigrant adaptation(2012-08) Rubio, Brenda 1984-; Valenzuela, Angela; De Lissovoy, NoahThe purpose of the study was to identify the sociocultural and sociopolitical supports and practices that foster or hinder the successful integration of the Mexican immigrant student. The study was centered on the student perspective of their newcomer school in Central Texas. New school models have emerged in an attempt meet the educational needs of immigrant children by providing targeted instruction and concentrated resources to facilitate their successful integration into their new school system and academic success. In order to identify promising practices that positively impact the academic incorporation of newcomer students in Texas, attention was paid to the school discourse, organizational structures, institutional policies and practices, supports through social resources and services, supports through adult-student relationships, school opportunities, and high-expectations. Unfortunately, the Mexican immigrant student was a forgotten majority and found themselves not receiving the adequate support.Item The effect of multinationality on management earnings forecasts(Texas A&M University, 2005-08-29) Runyan, Bruce WayneThis study examines the relationship between a firm??s degree of multinationality and its managers?? earnings forecasts. Firms with a high degree of multinationality are subject to greater uncertainty regarding earnings forecasts due to the additional risk resulting from the more complex multinational environment. Prior research demonstrates that firms that fail to meet or beat market expectations experience disproportionate market losses at earnings announcement dates. The complexities and greater uncertainty resulting from higher levels of multinationality are expected to be negatively associated with management earnings forecast precision, accuracy, and bias (downward versus upward). Results of the study are mixed. Regarding forecast precision, two measures of multinationality (foreign sales / total sales and the number of geographic segments) are significantly negatively related to management earnings forecast precision. This was the expected relationship. Regarding forecast accuracy, contrary to expectations, forecast accuracy is positively related to multinationality, with regard to the number of geographic segments a firm discloses. Regarding forecast bias, unexpectedly, two measures of multinationality (foreign sales / total sales and number of countries withforeign subsidiaries) are significantly positively related to more optimistic management earnings forecasts.Item The impact of bailout on U.S. bank creditors' equity values: an event study of South Korea's case(Texas Tech University, 2000-05) Zhang, ZhaohuiThe role played by the IMF in international debt crises has long been controversial among both academians and policy makers. This dissertation is an event study of the impact of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) bailouts on international debt markets. The main hypothesis is that the IMF bailout announcements concerning South Korea in late November and early December 1997 significantly increased the implicit value of the international bank loans and investments to South Korea and hence, the equity values of its international bank creditors. More specifically, this dissertation tests whether the bailout produced positive abnormal returns for South Korea's international bank creditors' stockholders. If significant positive results occurred, then we can infer that the IMF bailouts are probably responsible for producing "extra" positive wealth for private stockholders. Also, special attention is given to the current role of the "too-big-to-fail" (TBTF) policy in the U.S. banking industry. The prevalent view is that the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act (FDICIA) makes use of the TBTF policy more difficult than before 1991 (Benson and Kaufman, 1998). However, opposing views with regard to the existence of this implicit government guarantee still exist (Annual Report, 1997, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis). It would be interesting to know, under a severe economic impact that could bring significant downside risk to large banks, whether market investors in different sized banks are indifferent or not to the effects of both negative and positive news. In addition, market informational efficiency and rational pricing behavior with regard to the IMF bailout of South Korea are studied. The empirical investigation examines the potential abnormal performance of a total of 230 U.S. banks, categorized into three groups according to foreign exposure levels, and two groups according to the TBTF protection, during mid-November to early December 1997, based on an estimation period from January 1996 to June 1997. The findings show that there was a statistically significant positive wealth transfer from the IMF to the international bank creditors during the major event announcements. The evidence also indicates that the TBTF banks tend to be more heavily exposed than the non-TBTF banks, and the abnormal performance of the non-TBTF banks exceeded that of the TBTF banks significantly, indicating the potential effectiveness of the implicit TBTF policy in the international debt markets. Further, the evidence shows the existence of the market informational efficiency and the different pricing behavior of different groups of banks.Item The Inclusion and Content of an International Agriculture Education Course at the Post Secondary Level: A Delphi Study(2010-07-14) Kingery, ThomasThe purpose of this study was to determine the inclusion and content of an international agricultural education course at the post-secondary level by answering the following research questions: What disciplines of agriculture should be included in an international agricultural education course at the university level?; What competencies (knowledge, skills, and abilities) in international agriculture are needed by students and should be developed in a course in international agricultural education at the university level?; and How should an international agricultural education class be used in multiple degree programs at the university level?. A three round Delphi procedure was used to solicit expert opinions regarding each of the research questions. The results revealed the most significant disciplines as: extension and education, philosophy, policy, models, program planning, public and private systems, & evaluation; role of agriculture in a developing nation?s economy; social, economic, political issues; and cross cultural communication. The competencies that should be developed identified by the panel were: skills working with other cultures; roles of change agents; environmental, developmental, conservation, sustainability, natural resources issues; extension models; understanding non-governmental organizations; knowledge of basic agriculture; ability to listen, plan and evaluate. The panel suggested the use of such a class in a multiple degree program should be a requirement for a minor in international agriculture. The study found that items not included among the panel consensus were items on practical or technical production practices. Further studies should be conducted to determine if the area of expertise of the panelists focused more on extension since they were in fact more familiar with extension techniques than any other areas, their experiences were based more on educational typology than practical and technical systems, or their placement in those professional positions did not allow them to focus on the skills and trades that were already known to flourish in their geographical region. One recommendation is to develop a more diverse panel of experts that cover more global territory to gain further insight into the research questions. A more diverse panel may bring more variation to the results. A deeper search into the background and identity of each panel member may also be necessary to discover the uniqueness of each expert in gaining diversified responses. If a professional in international agricultural education was in a non-native country and answered the instrumentation questions based on their work in that environment, that may be different than answering the questions based on their activity in a native country. Note: This student obtained a joint doctoral degree from Texas A&M University and Texas Tech University.Item Theoretical Issues in International Lending to Developing Countries by Private Financial Institutions(Texas Tech University, 1987-05) Kang, ChoeljoonNot Available.