Browsing by Subject "Inequality."
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Item Health disparities in India : the role of gender, family, and culture.(2013-09-16) Stroope, Samuel M.; Froese, Paul.; Sociology.; Baylor University. Dept. of Sociology.This dissertation examines how cultural contexts play a role in gender differences in health in India. After an introductory chapter, chapter two asks whether the extent of dowry practice perception in local communities is linked to wider gender gaps in illness. Hierarchical regression models indicate that increases in community dowry practice are associated with increases in three morbidity outcomes for women and also greater gender gaps in health. Unexpectedly, two morbidity outcomes also increase for men in dowry communities. Chapter three focuses on the multidimensionality of gender and examines how different dimensions of gender at the community level are related to women’s self-rated health. Results show that marriage and gender segregation dimensions of gender are associated with poor health. The most variance is explained by a measure of gender segregation, male-first eating order. This finding suggests that cultural practices deeply embedded in the intimate relationships within families and day-to-day life are the ones which most accurately reveal the degree to which culture is ingrained. It also implies that such deep cultural practices of gender segregation are more important than other forms of gender segregation for women’s health. The fourth chapter analyzes gender differences in hypertension using individual-level and household-level variables and also focusing on the multidimensionality of gender (economic, segregation, and empowerment dimensions). The moderating roles of different dimensions of gender and differences in men’s and women’s hypertension are tested. Support is found in the case of gender segregation and empowerment. Specifically, gender differences in hypertension are exacerbated in households that seclude women and restrict women’s household decision making. These measures are associated with greater hypertension for women, but in the case of women’s seclusion, reduced hypertension for men. Chapter five, considers the utility of the theoretical approach taken in the dissertation, especially its utility in related areas of population health research. This chapter explores implications of the empirical chapters for research that extends beyond the Indian context and sets out potentially fruitful directions for future research.Item Prestige inequality : the effects of family status and occupational segregation.(2010-06-23T12:19:25Z) Garland, Anna Nicole.; Driskell, Robyn Bateman.; Sociology.; Baylor University. Dept. of Sociology.Wage inequality has been extensively studied in the social sciences, but few researchers have studied prestige inequality. This paper looks not only at prestige and wage inequality between genders, but also within genders, specifically investigating the effects of family status and occupational segregation. Using both occupational prestige and log of income as dependent variables in a variety of regressions, educational attainment, family characteristics, as well as workplace characteristics emerge as important variables in predicting occupational prestige and income. The main finding of this study is that inequality of both wages and prestige is perpetuated not only by innate characteristics, such as gender, but also through socio-demographic characteristics, such as marital status, children, and educational attainment. An individual's career path also attributes to higher or lower prestige. The most logical explanation for this variance in prestige and income is that employers use stereotypes, assumptions, and expectations to guide their hiring practices.