Browsing by Subject "Idaho"
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Item High-Resolution Carbon Isotope Stratigraphy, Pennsylvanian Snaky Canyon Formation, East-Central Idaho: Implications for Regional and Global Correlations(2012-07-16) Jolley, CaseyNearly 550 samples of fine grained carbonates, collected every 0.5 to 1.0 m from the Bloom Member of the Snaky Canyon Formation at Gallagher Peak, Idaho, were analyzed to determine the high-resolution carbon isotope stratigraphy. To constrain for diagenesis, thin sections were petrographically analyzed and viewed using cathodoluminescence microscopy. Chemical analyses were performed using an electron microprobe. Average delta18O and delta13C values from the Bloom Member are -4.5% +/- 1.6% (1 sigma) and 2.1% +/- 1.1%, respectively. Maximum delta13C values are about 1% higher for the Desmoinesian and Missourian than the Morrowan and Atokan, similar to results from the Yukon Territory. delta18O and delta13C values are lowest for crystalline mosaic limestones and siltstones, moderate for packstones, wackestones, and mudstones, and highest for boundstones and grainstones. The delta13C profile from Gallagher Peak consists of high frequency 1% oscillations with several larger excursions. No large delta13C increase at the base of the section suggests the Mid-Carboniferous boundary is in the underlying Bluebird Mountain formation. delta13C of Gallagher Peak and Arrow Canyon, NV, correlate well from 318 to 310 Ma, but correlation becomes more difficult around 310 Ma. This may result from increased restriction of the Snaky Canyon platform beginning in the Desmoinesian. Most of the short term (<1 Ma) isotopic excursions are the result of diagenesis. Two of the largest negative excursions at Gallagher Peak correlate with two large negative excursions at Big Hatchet Peak, NM, possibly due to sea level lowstands of the Desmoinesian. Phylloid algal mounds at Gallagher Peak are associated with positive excursions because of original aragonite composition and increased open marine influence. Positive excursions related to other facies characteristics also result from increased marine influence. The delta13C curve for the upper half of Gallagher Peak contains three repeated cycles of increasing delta13C over 1-1.5 Ma, which are possibly related to long-term sea level fluctuations. Given the complexity of each local environment, without detailed biostratigraphy, detailed rock descriptions, and analysis of the various rock components, delta13C stratigraphy of whole rocks can be misinterpreted.Item Political and civic engagement of agriculture producers who operate in selected Idaho and Texas counties dependent on irrigation(Texas Tech University, 2007-08) Pauley, Patrick Stephen; Baker, Matt; Smith, James H.; Paton, Valerie O.; Doerfert, DavidPublic policy is something that affects all citizens that are governed by the civilization that they live within. We in the United States of America have elected to establish and maintain a system of government called a Democratic Republic. This system relies on the adherence to a set of premises as a basis of policy development and implementation. The first of these is that no policy may contradict that of a higher governing authority. In our country the highest governing authority and ideal is prescribed by the Constitution of the United States. The constitution among other things maintains that the wishes of the majority may not violate the rights of the minority. This is largely the motivation that results in a rather lengthy process that takes place to the end of a policy being implemented. Early phases of the process are commonly initiated as a result of some form of public discontent over an issue. When sufficient attention is drawn to this discontent the investigative phase of policy development will begin. This study was conducted to ascertain the scope and extent to which professional agriculture producers in selected counties of Idaho and Texas engage in processes that influence the crafting of public policy. The predominant criterion for selecting the counties of interest was the extent that irrigation water was relied upon for production. In accordance with focusing on counties that are highly watered, the survey instrument specifically inquired of historic producer action pursuant to water policy development.Item Racial disproportionality in the Idaho foster care system : a focus on Latinos and Native Americans(2011-08) Lancaster, Lawanna Kay; Fong, RowenaThe purpose of this study was to identify micro, mezzo, and macro level factors which may be contributing to disparities in the removal decision among Latino and Native Americans in the Idaho child welfare system. Additionally, this study explored what factors contribute to the decision to investigate a referral or substantiate a claim of child abuse or neglect. This study used a secondary data analysis of all families (n = 4547) referred for abuse or neglect to the Idaho public child welfare system between April 1 and September 30, 2009. It was found that children were more likely to be removed if they had previously been a victim of abuse or neglect. Native American children were 4.39 times more likely to be removed than White children and Latino children were 1.78 times more likely to be removed than White children. Additional positive predictors of removal were domestic violence, being on public assistance, being referred for "other" maltreatment type rather than neglect, and the county poverty rate. The only negative predictor of placement was being referred for physical abuse rather than neglect. The R2 for these variables was 17.09%. Additional significant results indicated that county variables, such as the presence of a field office in a given county and level of rurality, were factors in the investigation decision. Referrals for physical abuse were also more likely to result in an investigation than referrals for neglect. The child's age and a referral for "other" maltreatment type were negatively related to the disposition of a case. Finally, an assessment was conducted of disparity at various decision points in the child welfare process. It was determined that Native Americans, Latinos, and Blacks/African Americans all experience disparity at some point in the early decision-making process of a child welfare case. For Black/African American children, the greatest disparity occurs at the referral to child welfare. For Latino children, the greatest disparity occurs at the removal decision. Native American children also have the greatest disparity at the removal decision, although they experience disparity at nearly every explored point in the child welfare process.Item Social analysis of a watershed restoration project in central Idaho(2010-05) Cottingham, Sara Worth; Dooling, Sarah; Hudson, Paul F.The purpose of this study is to explore meanings of success in watershed restoration projects. Though restoration has both inherent ecological and social components, the social elements often remain unexamined. Using the Mores Creek Watershed Floodplain Restoration Project in Central Idaho as a case study, this study first reviews existing literature pertaining to watershed restoration, landscape ecology, and ecosystem services, and then uses stakeholder interviews to analyze restoration goals, perceptions of success and failure, and perceived benefits and burdens of the restored watershed. Finally, the study concludes with recommendations for maximizing success in watershed restoration projects.