Browsing by Subject "Electrolysis"
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Item Development of the electrode assisted soil washing process(Texas Tech University, 1997-05) Krishnan, RameshContaminants in soils containing a high percentage of silt- and clay-sized particles typically are strongly adsorbed onto the soil and are very difficult to remove. State-of-the-art technologies find it very difficult, if not impossible, to apply soil washing to these contaminated soils. However, a newly patented Electrode Assisted Soil Washing (EASW) process appears to be effective in removing petroleum hydrocarbons (gasoline, diesel, crude oil, etc.), chlorinated hydrocarbons (pentachlorophenol), and heavy metals (Pb, As, Cd, Zn) from contaminated soils made up of a high percentage of clay and silt. The EASW process produces a washed soil material that meets site-specific regulatory requirements which allow the washed soil to be returned to the site without further treatment. Furthermore, the contaminated water generated by the process can be treated with standard methods. The EASW process can be used alone, or it can be used in combination with other soil-washing methods. In the latter case, the EASW process is particularly effective in the treatment of contaminated fines streams generated by other soil-washing techniques. The EASW process has been developed to operate in a batch mode as well as in a continuous mode. Initially, laboratory contaminated soils (diesel and crude oil in Lubbock topsoil) were used to test the EASW process. Later, authentically contaminated soils from well documented sites in New Jersey (from a petrochemical loading dock) and the Gulf Coast were also washed using the EASW process. A complete anaylsis of the wastewater generated in the process was also done.Item Hierarchical three-dimensional Fe-Ni hydroxide nanosheet arrays on carbon fiber electrodes for oxygen evolution reaction(2014-05) O'Donovan-Zavada, Robert Anthony; Manthiram, ArumugamAs demands for alternative sources of energy increase over the coming decades, water electrolysis will play a larger role in meeting our needs. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) component of water electrolysis suffers from slow kinetics. An efficient, inexpensive, alternative electrocatalyst is needed. We present here high-activity, low onset potential, stable catalyst materials for OER based on a hierarchical network architecture consisting of Fe and Ni coated on carbon fiber paper (CFP). Several compositions of Fe-Ni electrodes were grown on CFP using a hydrothermal method, which produced an interconnected nanosheet network morphology. The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical performance of the catalyst was examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The best electrodes showed favorable activity (23 mA/cm², 60 mA/mg), onset potential (1.42 V vs. RHE), and cyclability.Item Mass transfer in the cone and plate system and its applications(Texas Tech University, 1980-05) Lo, Jen-tsenMass transfer and electrode reaction for an electrochemical process in the cone and plate geometry was studied. Analytical expressions for the concentration profiles and current distribution were obtained for the following four cases: (i) unsteady state electrolysîs below limiting current conditions; (ii) unsteady state electrolysis at limiting current conditions; (iii) steady state electrolysis below the limiting current conditions; (iv) steady state electrolysis at limiting current conditions. The reaction order, the reaction rate constant, the electrode reaction transfer coefficient, the number of electrons involved, and the diffusion coefficient can be determined by solving for the current necessary to maintain a constant potential difference across the electrodes (potentiostatic method).