Browsing by Subject "Disclosure"
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Item Determinants of parental satisfaction with a child's disclosure of a gay or lesbian sexual orientation(Texas A&M University, 2006-10-30) Miller, Andrew DThis study was an attempt to begin to understand the phenomenon of coming out from the parental perspective. Specifically, it focused on the factors contained within a child??????s disclosure of his or her sexual orientation and their impact on a parent??????s satisfaction with the disclosure. Participants were eleven parents of gay and lesbian children. Participants were interviewed individually regarding their memories of the moment that their children revealed their sexual orientations to them. Participants were asked questions about the parent/child relationship prior to the disclosure, questions about the disclosure as it actually occurred, and were also asked to describe the most ideal coming out scenario that they could imagine. Interview data were analyzed according to the naturalistic inquiry process as outlined by Lincoln and Guba (1985). The results indicate that there are two types of components that influence parental satisfaction with the disclosure of a child??????s sexual orientation: relational components and process components. Relational components are those aspects of the parent/child dynamic that influence a parent??????s feelings of satisfaction regarding the disclosure experience. Process components are the specific elements of the disclosure moment that influence a parent??????s ability to assimilate the information shared by the child and subsequently allow for the integration of that information into their schema of the child and the parent/child relationship. These two categories are discussed along with a proposed framework for understanding them as well as methods of integrating them into an individual??????s coming out script. The findings of the current study may be useful in helping gay and lesbian children develop more successful and accessible coming out disclosures which are targeted towards their parents. In addition, these results may guide the interventions of mental health professionals as they work with individuals who are preparing to come out to their parents. Future studies that address the specific components mentioned within this study would be useful, as would studies which address the coming out phenomenon from the perspective of other family members.Item Differences in dating relationships : an examination of attachment, disclosure, and relational uncertainty(2013-05) Pett, Rudolph Clarence; Dailey, René M.This study assessed the associations between adult attachment, disclosure, and relational uncertainty in both cyclical and non-cyclical dating relationships using a sample of 114 participants. The analysis revealed significant relationships between relational disclosure and relational uncertainty, attachment avoidance and relational disclosure, attachment anxiety and relational uncertainty, as well as attachment avoidance and relational uncertainty. Relational status (i.e., cyclical/non-cyclical) was neither related to relational disclosure or self-disclosure, nor served as a significant moderator between relational disclosure and relational uncertainty or self-disclosure and relational uncertainty. The results are considered in terms of how individual characteristics shaped by interpersonal interaction (i.e., attachment, relational uncertainty) are associated with specific communication patterns (i.e., disclosure) in dating relationships.Item How do disclosures of tax uncertainty to tax authorities affect reporting decisions? : evidence from Schedule UTP(2013-05) Towery, Erin Marie; Mills, Lillian F.This study exploits the recently-issued Uncertain Tax Position Statement (Schedule UTP) to examine the effect of mandatory disclosures of tax uncertainty to tax authorities on firms' reporting decisions. Schedule UTP requires firms to disclose federal income tax positions to the Internal Revenue Service that have been classified as 'uncertain' for financial reporting purposes. In showing how Schedule UTP disclosure requirements affect private and public reporting decisions, I provide insights into the usefulness of these disclosures. Using confidential tax return data and public financial statement data, I find that after imposition of Schedule UTP reporting requirements, firms report lower financial reporting reserves for uncertain income tax positions, but do not claim fewer income tax benefits on their federal tax returns. These findings suggest some firms changed their financial reporting for uncertain tax positions to avoid Schedule UTP reporting requirements without changing the underlying positions. The effect is concentrated among firms with greater business complexity, whose business operations facilitate tax planning strategies that are more difficult for the IRS to identify. More broadly, my results imply private disclosures of tax uncertainty can affect the informativeness of public disclosures of tax uncertainty.Item “I have cancer” : understanding the decision to disclose to family members using the theory of motivated information management(2015-08) Nelson, Erin Collette; Donovan-Kicken, Erin E.; Vangelisti, Anita; Dailey, Rene; Love, Brad; Mackert, MikeDisclosure is considered a form of information management (Petronio, 2002) and illness disclosures are distinctly different than secrets or other types of information in need of management (Greene, 2009). An emerging communication theory, the Theory of Motivated Information Management (TMIM; Afifi & Weiner, 2004), provides a nuanced framework for describing the multifaceted cognitive and communicative components of information management. The present study aims to investigate cancer disclosures as a motivated information management process experienced by the information provider, the cancer patient. An exploratory study conducted by Nelson & Donovan (2014) demonstrated evidence that cancer disclosures can be characterized as information management and that information providers' experiences parallel phases of the information management process, which is an area of the TMIM yet to be explored. Individuals who have been diagnosed with cancer at some point in their life (N = 137) completed an online survey regarding the cognitions and emotions they recalled having prior to disclosing their diagnosis to a particular family member. Results indicate that cancer patients experience the cognitive assessments of TMIM, which influence the disclosure characteristics of open communication and topic avoidance. A model for the information provider's TMIM process is supported, demonstrating the applicability of TMIM to information provision in the context of illness disclosures.Item Modeling lesbian, gay, and bisexual patient disclosures : an exploration of the role of memorable messages, past experiences, perceived visibility, screening behaviors, and efficacy(2015-08) Brown, Laura Elizabeth, Ph. D.; Donovan-Kicken, Erin E.; Dailey, Rene; Vangelisti , Anita; McGlone, Matt; Whittaker , TiffanyLesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people in the United States face unique challenges such as the denial of civil and human rights, discrimination, and societal stigma (HealthyPeople.gov). These challenges facilitate additive minority stress, as evidenced by significantly poorer physical and mental health outcomes for LGBs as compared to heterosexuals. One root of these health disparities is a disclosure-based dilemma in the patient-provider context. Summarized, this dilemma is: "Should I reveal my sexual orientation to my doctor and risk discrimination or stigmatization, or should I conceal my sexual orientation and risk not receiving quality medical care that is tailored to my needs as a patient?" This study investigated competing, predictive models, all of which are grounded in existing research regarding interpersonal health communication and LGB health. The models hypothesized that the following variables predict likelihood of disclosure of sexual orientation: Memorable messages about sexual orientation and receiving care, past disclosure experiences in the patient-provider context, self-perceived visibility of sexual orientation, and patients' pre-screening behaviors of providers. Disclosure efficacy and target efficacy were predicted to mediate these relationships. LGB individuals (N = 209) completed an online questionnaire about receiving health care. Results revealed that disclosure efficacy mediated the predictive relationship between positivity of a past disclosure experience and likelihood of future disclosure. Significance of a past disclosure experience directly, negatively predicted likelihood of future disclosure. Some evidence indicated that self-perceived visibility of sexual minority status positively predicted likelihood of future disclosure. Results failed to support the predictive power of memorable messages and patients' pre-screening behaviors of providers. Theoretical contributions to interpersonal communication models of disclosure are offered, as are practical contributions meant to address patient-provider interactions and, more broadly, the reduction of health disparities for LGB individuals.