Browsing by Subject "Deception"
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Item An investigation about relationship maintenance strategies after the discovery of deception about infidelity(2013-08) Xia, Shuang; Punyanunt-Carter, Narissa M.; Scholl, Juliann C.; Heuman, Amy N.Both deception and infidelity are hurtful events to romantic relationships, and relationships might become worse when these hurtful events happen at the same time. It is hard to maintain a relationship after the discovery of deception about infidelity. This study seeks to uncover the individual’s response to discovering deception about infidelity. It focuses on people who are deceived by their partners (deceivees) and assesses which strategy is the most effective for them to repair the relationship. At the same time, this study compares the deceived partners’ preference of relationship maintenance strategies and the strategy they perceive the deceivers have been using. In addition, the current research examines how people’s attachment style affects their preference of maintenance strategy. Furthermore, this study concentrates on the relationship between relational uncertainty and the deceived partner’s preference of relationship maintenance strategy. It is anticipated the results will assist couples suffering from hurtful events to repair their relationship.Item Deception in Therapy: Setting as a MotivationCarrillo, Lynette Nicole; Curtis, Drew; Fohn, Laurel; Hack, Tay; Lee, JungeunThe current study investigated setting as a motivation for deception. The therapy setting was compared to a casual social situation in attempts to see if there were differences, speculating that therapy relationships involve more closeness, thus less deception endorsement/motivation. Furthermore, the orientation of benefit (self vs. other) was also explored as well as lie acceptability. Participants were recruited from Angelo State University using Sona-Systems technology in return for course credit. Participants were asked to watch stimulus videos and complete the Deception Motivation Questionnaires in response. In addition, participants completed the Revised Lie Acceptability Scale and a Demographics Questionnaire. The questionnaires were used to assess participants’ use of, acceptance, and motivations for using deception. Results indicated that setting was not a motivation for deception. Overall, results indicated significant effects in the types of lie and orientation of benefit of deception. Further implications of motivational factors to use deception are discussed.Item Detecting inmates malingering on the MMPI-2: An analogue investigation(2006-05) Steffan, Jarrod S.; Morgan, Robert D.; Richards, Steven; Clopton, James R.; Reich, Darcy A.; Giles, Chuck L.In correctional settings, the appropriate provision of mental health services to inmates and the accurate identification of inmates' mental health needs are concerns. Psychological evaluations, however, are complicated by incentives that motivate inmates to exaggerate or fabricate symptoms of mental illness, which is commonly known as malingering. Therefore, effective means to evaluate malingering are important. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2), which contains the Infrequency (F) scale, Infrequency-Back (Fb) scale, Infrequency-Psychopathology (Fp) scale, Gough’s Dissimulation (F – K) index, and Gough’s Dissimulation (Ds) scale for assessing malingering, is commonly used in correctional settings. However, only three published studies have investigated these validity indicators among inmates. Therefore, this dissertation sought to expand the knowledge of malingering by inmates on the MMPI-2. This study consisted of three groups of inmates. Forty-five male inmates from general population penitentiaries formed a simulating group and were asked to fake unspecified mental illness on the MMPI-2. A clinical comparison group of 65 male inmates from correctional psychiatric inpatient facilities who were suffering from mental illnesses were asked to honestly answer the MMPI-2. The third group consisted of 44 inmates from general population penitentiaries who were asked to complete the MMPI-2 under standard instructions and who formed the standard instructions group. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) procedures, with demographic differences between the groups held as covariates, indicated that the validity scales, with the exception of Fb, differentiated the simulating group from the standard instructions and clinical comparison groups. Logistic regression analyses identified the Fp and Ds scales as the most effective validity indicators in detecting malingering, and neither added incrementally to the predictive power of the other. These results support the use of the MMPI-2 and the Fp and Ds validity indicators for routine use in the assessment of malingering among inmates. As a result, correctional psychologists who use the MMPI-2 will be able to make more informed decisions in order to determine the presence or absence of genuine mental illness among inmates. Consequently, mental health services might be more appropriately disbursed. Findings and conclusions are discussed in light of limitations of the study.Item Detecting inmates malingering on the MMPI-2: An analogue investigation(Texas Tech University, 2006-08) Steffan, Jarrod S.; Morgan, Robert D.; Giles, Chuck L.; Reich, Darcy A.; Clopton, James R.; Richards, StevenIn correctional settings, the appropriate provision of mental health services to inmates and the accurate identification of inmates' mental health needs are concerns. Psychological evaluations, however, are complicated by incentives that motivate inmates to exaggerate or fabricate symptoms of mental illness, which is commonly known as malingering. Therefore, effective means to evaluate malingering are important. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2), which contains the Infrequency (F) scale, Infrequency-Back (Fb) scale, Infrequency-Psychopathology (Fp) scale, Gough’s Dissimulation (F – K) index, and Gough’s Dissimulation (Ds) scale for assessing malingering, is commonly used in correctional settings. However, only three published studies have investigated these validity indicators among inmates. Therefore, this dissertation sought to expand the knowledge of malingering by inmates on the MMPI-2. This study consisted of three groups of inmates. Forty-five male inmates from general population penitentiaries formed a simulating group and were asked to fake unspecified mental illness on the MMPI-2. A clinical comparison group of 65 male inmates from correctional psychiatric inpatient facilities who were suffering from mental illnesses were asked to honestly answer the MMPI-2. The third group consisted of 44 inmates from general population penitentiaries who were asked to complete the MMPI-2 under standard instructions and who formed the standard instructions group. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) procedures, with demographic differences between the groups held as covariates, indicated that the validity scales, with the exception of Fb, differentiated the simulating group from the standard instructions and clinical comparison groups. Logistic regression analyses identified the Fp and Ds scales as the most effective validity indicators in detecting malingering, and neither added incrementally to the predictive power of the other. These results support the use of the MMPI-2 and the Fp and Ds validity indicators for routine use in the assessment of malingering among inmates. As a result, correctional psychologists who use the MMPI-2 will be able to make more informed decisions in order to determine the presence or absence of genuine mental illness among inmates. Consequently, mental health services might be more appropriately disbursed. Findings and conclusions are discussed in light of limitations of the study.Item Detection of dissimulation on the Personality inventory for children(Texas Tech University, 1983-08) Washington, Aubrey OwenNot availableItem The end of deception in modern politics : Spinoza and Rousseau(2011-12) Rotner, Loren Justin; Stauffer, Devin, 1970-; Tulis, Jeffrey“Enlightenment,” declared Kant, “is man’s emergence from his self-incurred immaturity,” an immaturity maintained by all those “dogmas and formulas, those mechanical instruments for rational use (or rather misuse) of his natural endowments.” As a result, more and more self styled philosophic critics of the Enlightenment have accused Kant and his less impressive ilk of perpetuating a grand, even unconscious, farce: their naïve vision of liberation was but a magnificent ruse for compelling obedience to a new host of dogmas and gods. The power and influence of this sort of critique has provoked a wide ranging and lively reappraisal of the degree to which the philosophers of the Enlightenment were founders of a regime rooted ultimately in deception or emancipation. In order to enter and evaluate that debate, I take up the views of Spinoza, a founder of the Enlightenment, and one of its greatest critics, Rousseau. According to both Spinoza and Rousseau, all societies, no matter how Enlightened, have to perpetuate deceptions in order to make political rule both legitimate and acceptable to the ruled: humans are not naturally meant for political rule or political life. They both agree that the liberation of talents is at the core of the Enlightenment’s approach to achieving this kind of legitimacy. But while the liberation of talents is considered an unequivocal good by Spinoza even if that liberation must have as its basis several fundamental deceptions, I argue on behalf of Rousseau that the Enlightenment perpetuates a deep moral corruption of man by stimulating within him the desire for an impossible celebrity that could never truly or authentically satisfy his deepest needs.Item Love me true : deception, affection, and evolutionary strategies of human mating(2015-05) Redlick, Madeleine H.; Vangelisti, Anita L.; Dailey, ReneGiving and receiving affection is a key part of the human experience, particularly in close relationships. Affectionate messages may take on many forms, both those that are genuine and those that are deceptive in nature. A deceptive affectionate message is defined in this study as the intentional communication of a positively-valenced message, in which the intensity of the feeling is greater than that which is truly felt by the sender at that time (Horan & Booth-Butterfield, 2013). This study employed theoretical perspectives from evolutionary psychology in an attempt to explore what might motivate romantic partners to communicate a deceptive affectionate message (DAM). This study claims that DAMs may be seen as adaptive and strategically chosen mate-retention behaviors, which might be selected in the case that they can satisfy the needs of both the sender and receiver of the message. Broader questions about conceptualizing the nature of deception in close relationships are also raised and pursued.Item Machiavellianism, types of lies, and nonverbal communication(Texas Tech University, 1979-08) O'Hair, Henry DanThe detection of deception is what the present study will focus on. Detection of deception is not a new phenomenon, Ancient Chinese authorities would have a suspected criminal chew dried rice while being interrogated. If after the interrogation the rice in the criminal's mouth was dry, the criminal was condemned. The ancient Chinese thesis was that the act of lying induces stress which causes the salivary glands to dry up (Block, 1975). Another early example of lie detection was reported by Lee (1953, 4) about a Hindu prince.Item Nietzsche on deception(2003) Martin, Clancy W.; Solomon, Robert C.Item PARENTAL DECEPTION: INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF DECEPTION ON PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIPS(2015-05-29) Cargill, Joscelyn Renee; Eoff, Shirley M; Curtis, Drew A; Cordell-McNulty, KristiPsychologists have completed much research in the broad field of deception, but an emerging topic is the deception within parent/child relationships. Previous studies have shown that parents lie to their children in order to control their actions and emotions (e.g., Heyman, Luu, & Lee, 2009; Heyman, Hsu, Fu, & Lee, 2013). There appears to be a gap in the area of research pertaining to the implications of parents lying to their children. The goal of the current study was to examine the effects of parental lies on the parent/child relationship. A survey was conducted that determined what kinds of lies parents have told to their children, how serious the lies were (as determined by the child), and how the lies effected the parent/child relationship. The current study found that parental deception is related to satisfaction within the parent/child relationship. Results also showed that perceived seriousness of the lie does not impact relational satisfaction and parents are more likely to use white lies than any other types. These results have implications for not only the parent/child relationship, but also education and communication.Item Unsolicited confession of deception in romantic relationships(2016-05) Kearns, Kyle Daniel; McGlone, Matthew S., 1966-; Dailey, ReneWe have long known that deception plays a consistent and complicated role in romantic relationships. Though social scientists have studied the discovery and detection of deception in couples, unprompted confession of deception has yet to be explored. It is not yet known why people choose to confess their lies to significant others, nor how that confession affects relationships. The present study surveyed 373 undergraduate students about their experiences both confessing to their romantic partner and being confessed to, and found that their likelihood to confess was positively associated with how discoverable they perceived the lie to be. Those higher in commitment and with a more negative attitude toward deception were more likely to have plans to confess. Participants were questioned about the nature of each lie and how it affected their relationship in the short-term and long-term. Their responses are categorized and discussed.Item Verbal aspects of deceptive communication(Texas Tech University, 1982-08) Foster, Myrna LynnNot available