Browsing by Subject "D-branes"
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Item Monodromies of torsion D-branes on Calabi-Yau manifolds: extending the Douglas, et al., program(2002) Mahajan, Rahul Saumik; Distler, JacquesItem Phenomenology of heterotic and type II orientifold string models(2009-05-15) Mayes, Van EricCryptons are metastable bound states of fractionally-charged particles that arise generically in the hidden sectors of models derived from heterotic string. We study their properties and decay modes in a speci?c ?ipped SU(5) model with long-lived four-particle spin-zero bound states called tetrons. The expected masses and lifetimes of the neutral tetrons make them good candidates for cold dark matter (CDM), and a potential source of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) which have been observed, whereas the charged tetrons would have decayed in the early Universe. We calculate the spectra of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) in an ex?plicit top-down model based on the decays of metastable neutral ?crypton? states. For all the decay operators, the total UHECR spectra are compatible with the available data. Also, the fractions of photons are compatible with all the published upper limits, but may be detectable in future experiments. We also construct several intersecting D-brane models on a variety of orientifold backgrounds. In particular, we construct ?ipped SU(5), Pati-Salam, and MSSM-like models. The phenomenological properties of these models are studied. For one model in particular, we ?nd that we may explain the quark masses and mixings, the tau lepton mass, and generate small neutrino masses via the see-saw mechanism.Item String Phenomenology in the Era of LHC(2010-10-12) Maxin, James A.The low-energy supersymmetry phenomenology for specific classes of string compactifications is investigated given that the low-energy physics may provide a clue as to the structure of the fundamental theory at high energy scales. The one-parameter model (OPM), a highly constrained subset of minimal Supergravity where all the soft-supersymmetry breaking terms may be fixed in terms of the gaugino mass, is studied, in addition to a three-family Pati-Salam model constructed from intersecting D6-branes. Furthermore, the phenomenology of gravity mediated supersymmetry breaking F-theory SU(5) and SO(10) models, as well as F-SU(5) models with vector- like particles, are examined. We determine the viable parameter space that satisfies all the latest experimental constraints, including the most recent WMAP relic neutralino abundance observations, and find it to be consistent with the CDMS II and other concurrent direct-detection experiments. Moreover, we compute the gamma-ray flux and cross-sections of neutralino annihilations into gamma-rays and compare to the published Fermi-LAT satellite telescope measurements. In F-theory SU(5) and SO(10) models, we predict the exact small deviation of the gaugino mass relation at two-loop level near the electroweak scale, which can be tested at the colliders. More- over, in F-SU(5), we predict the precise deviations from the mSUGRA gaugino mass relations due to the presence of the vector-like particles, also testable at the colliders. The compilation of all these results form a comprehensive collection of predictions with which to evaluate these string models alongside anticipated experimental dis- coveries in the coming decade.