Browsing by Subject "Competence"
Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Addressing culture in therapy: a multiple case study(Texas Tech University, 2007-12) Reyes, Nenetzin A.; Wampler, Richard S.; Kimball, Thomas G.; Borrego, Joaquin P.; Wampler, Karen S.Over the past decades there has been an increasing emphasis on the development of cultural competence in the therapy room. It is important for therapists to learn to be culturally competent, especially in the United States where multiple minorities thrive, and the number of interracial marriages has increased 400% in the last ten years. Although there has been a surge of information on specific cultural minority groups, there is limited information on how therapists address culture with families that share multiple racial, ethnic, and cultural heritages. Therapists need to know how to address and view cultural differences within families. However, knowledge can only begin through exploration. We need to know what is going on in the therapy room before we can increase our cultural competence. Only then can therapists begin to break down the myth of sameness. The purpose of the present study was to explore how therapists address cultural issues with interethnic couples where one spouse is Latino/a and the other is non-Hispanic White, as labeled by the US Census Bureau (“Anglo”). This study utilized a qualitative multiple case study methodology. This design brings together several cases that are seen as instrumental in gaining knowledge about a specific phenomenon, in this case, how therapists deal with issues around culture with interethnic couples. The sample in this study was made up of three cases. Each case was defined as a therapist who had worked with more than one interethnic couple. Two of the therapists had two couples and one therapist had three couples. Information for each case was gathered from therapist's case notes, assessment packets, and videos of taped sessions. The cases were then analyzed at the within-case and across-case level as well as being compared with the available literature on interethnic couples. Additional data included the Multicultural Counseling Knowledge and Awareness Scale which the therapists completed, and the Cross-Cultural Counseling Inventory-Revised which was completed by the researcher and an outside rater when observing sessions. The within-case and across-case analyses yielded 16 patterns (themes) of how culture is addressed in therapy. The patterns included: 1) Addressing conflicting perspectives; 2) Therapist initiates conversation; 3) Therapist addresses culture straightforwardly; 4) Use of genograms; 5) Influence of couple factors; 6) Couple's willingness to address culture; 7) Therapist addresses alternative/dominant issues; 8) Therapist focuses on behavior; 9) Knowledge & Awareness vs. Skills; 10) Patience and sensitivity; 11) Use of self-disclosure; 12) Client initiation with no follow-through; 13) Clients initiate conversation; 14) Clients become defensive; 15) Differences are initially rejected; and 16) A Latino emphasizes his role as a man. Overall, findings indicated that some therapists are addressing culture with their clients, while others are not. The manner in which culture is addressed depends on therapist and client factors. The final chapter presents a discussion of the study's results including general comments on the prevalence of Anglo-Latino couples, cultural competence issues, discussion of specific findings, suggestions for marriage and family therapists, limitations of the study, and ideas for future research.Item Client and provider experiences of multicultural competence in community mental health(2014-08) Smith, Caroline Anne, active 21st century; Carlson, Cindy I., 1949-; Cawthon, Stephanie W.A major problem in the United States is the existence of inferior mental healthcare outcomes for racial and ethnic minorities compared with their European American counterparts. The federal government has documented the existence of mental health disparities for racial and ethnic minorities, and has called for more culturally sound healthcare practices at the provider level. Sue et al.'s (1982, 1998) widely accepted theory of cultural competence in counseling highlights the importance of certain provider qualities, including being aware of their biases about human behavior, appreciative of the diverse worldviews of their clients, and skilled in working with culturally diverse clients. However, it remains unclear if clients are able to observe and measure to what extent providers are considerate of their sociocultural context and needs. Further, the relationship between provider and client experiences of provider multicultural competence has not been sufficiently addressed in the literature. The current study used hierarchical linear modeling to examine how providers' self-reported multicultural competence, based on multiple measures, impacted client perceptions of multicultural competence in the community mental health setting. A unique aspect of the study was that it examined differences in ratings of clients who had the same provider. The study also examined how ethnic identity development, and majority or minority status match of race and ethnicity self-label affected the relationship between provider behaviors and client perceived multicultural competence. Results indicated that clients tend to view some providers as being more multiculturally competent than others. The aspect of self-reported multicultural competence that explained a significant amount of variance in client ratings was the sensitivity of providers to client needs. Ethnic identity development was not found to explain differences in perceived multicultural competence of providers. Match of client and provider based on reported racial and ethnic majority or minority status had a positive, significant impact on how clients rated their providers' multicultural competence. The current study offers a launching base for the implementation of culturally competent practices at the provider level. It is an important addition to the field of counseling psychology to find that clients and providers in community mental health settings differentially measure and interpret multicultural competence.Item Cover model gender influence on magazine perceptions and purchase intention(2007-12) Goode, Lauren M.; Callison, Coy; Gangadharbatla, Harsha; Gallagher, Amanda H.Many studies have examined the use of gender in magazine advertisements but none have looked at the impact of model gender on the covers of magazines. An experimental study examining 208 (71 male) undergraduate students’ opinions on 24 fictional magazine covers provides insight into the attitudes, perceptions of competency, and purchase intentions of consumers. This study revealed through an analysis of variance that there is no strong relationship between consumer gender and cover model gender combinations and consumer attitude toward a magazine, perception of a magazine’s competency, or consumer purchase intention of a magazine in any of the three genres studied (general interest, fitness, and outdoor). However, results regarding attitude, competency, and purchase intention did achieve marginal significance; therefore, it is possible that future replication of this research using more male subjects may result in more significant findings.Item Does internal audit function quality deter management misconduct?(2013-08) Ege, Matthew Stephen; Anderson, Urton; Robinson, John RichardStandard-setters believe high-quality internal audit functions (IAFs) serve as a key resource to audit committees for monitoring senior management. However, regulators do not enforce IAF quality or require disclosures relating to IAF quality, which is in stark contrast to regulatory requirements placed on boards, audit committees, and external auditors. Using proprietary data, I find that a composite measure of IAF quality is negatively associated with the likelihood of management misconduct even after controlling for board, audit committee, and external auditor quality. A difference-in-differences analysis suggests that misconduct firms improve IAF quality after misconduct is revealed by increasing IAF competence. Finally, IAF quality is a predictor of accounting-related management misconduct even after controlling for other observable predictors of misconduct. These findings suggest that regulators and audit committees should consider ways to improve IAF quality and that investors would benefit from disclosures relating to IAF quality.