Browsing by Subject "Civil rights"
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Item A case study of the Franklin Lindsay Student Aid Fund and its intersection with Black college student access to higher education in Texas from the post-Civil War era to the present(2016-05) Do, Gigi Diem-Uyen; Reddick, Richard, 1972-; Somers, Patricia; Saenz, Victor; Carter, WilliamThe case study of the Franklin Lindsay Student Aid Fund is an historical examination of a sixty-two year-old private foundation originally created to help White Texas students pursue post-secondary education in the State of Texas. At the present time, the Fund is a thriving, $23 million student loan trust for all qualified young Texans. For this study, a qualitative research method was applied for an in-depth examination of the Franklin Lindsay Student Aid Fund and how it became accessible for Black students in Texas. Research also focused on the impact changes in Texas higher educational policy had on the outcome of the Franklin Lindsay probate court cases from 1954-1957, and the Fund’s reformation stages beginning in 1957. The results indicated three key findings: (1) The Tax Reform Act of 1969 (TRA69) ended the exclusion of Black students from the Franklin Lindsay Student Aid Fund, (2) Black students were still banned from the program for twenty-two years after the Brown V. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) decision and seven years after the TRA69, and, (3) Current committee members lacked knowledge about the history of the Fund.Item Black college football in Texas(Texas Tech University, 2003-12) Fink, Robert ChristopherThe research on the history of black college football in Texas and that established this increased understanding of African-American history comes primarily from the black newspapers in Texas. Papers like the Houston Informer and Dallas Express served as the cultural voice for a community ignored by the white press in the state. Since many of the black college football players m Texas, especially those who competed before 1950, are deceased, the black press offered the only remaining channel for their stories. Also, the university records of the black colleges in Texas are sparse. For Bishop College, which closed in 1988, its records are completely gone. The lack of a historical record makes the Texas African-American newspapers even more valuable. Furthermore, the few sources that exist on black college football in Texas prove the value of this dissertation to the Texas African-American community, the state of Texas and the field of history.Item Civil liberties in America: A study of American attitudes before and after 9/11(2012-05) Billington, John T; Tsai, Yung-Mei; Johnson, Doyle P.This thesis seeks to interpret the attitudes of Americans regarding civil liberties and Muslims following September 11th, 2001 as a moral panic, using the theories of Cohen, Goode and Ben-Yehuda, and Alexander. Consensus as an essential element of moral panic was measured using data from the General Social Survey concerning attitudes towards the restriction of civil liberties before and after 2001. Hostility and consensus of opinion towards Muslims was also measured with the General Social Survey to determine the presence of a "Folk Devil" in a moral panic. Broadly defined, consensus for the restriction of civil liberties did not exist between liberals and conservatives following 2001. Hostility towards Muslims was also not found through the analyses.Item Free association : Libertas, metaphor and the politics of Cicero(2007-05) Lundy, Steven James; Riggsby, Andrew M.Libertas is a notion central to the politics and culture of the Roman Republic, yet commentators have found difficulty in interpreting the word and giving a coherent and cohesive account of its semantic and rhetorical content. This report attempts to throw further light on the discussion by examining the conceptual and rhetorical content of libertas, incorporating a substantial study of its metaphorical structures following the linguistic and cognitive work of George Lakoff. The central texts under discussion are: the comic plays of Plautus, which offer an insight into libertas in its "source domain"; the epistolary corpus of Cicero, which is used as a basis to study libertas in its political context and as a contrast to the final text under analysis: Cicero's De Lege Agraria 2.Item From the campus to the globe : race, internationalism and student activism in the postwar South, 1945-1962(2012-05) Whittington, Erica Layne; Jones, Jacqueline, 1948-; Oshinsky, David M., 1944-; Brands, Henry W; Abzug, Robert H; Lawrence, Mark A; Mickenberg, Julia LWhat drew southern college students into the struggle for civil rights? To help answer that question, this project examines student challenges to existing social practices in the South, and traces changes in their attitudes toward race and social justice from World War II through the early 1960s. Over that time, thousands of college students committed themselves to the idea that “keeping the peace” was intertwined with individual human rights at home and abroad. An internationalist outlook shaped interest in race relations, citizenship, and gender roles. Southern youth were central to this development, pushing for social change at home in accordance with their concerns about national security and world peace. This history traces networks of southern college students, focusing on the cities of Austin, TX and Chapel Hill, NC, both of which produced vibrant progressive student organizations and national student leaders during the early postwar period. It uncovers an important yet understudied tributary of the larger Civil Rights Movement, and helps contextualize the interracial, “Beloved Community” activism of the early 1960s. As black students linked internationalism with civil rights as part of the “Double V Campaign” following World War II, many white students also began advocating for domestic desegregation, inspired by their experiences of traveling abroad and interactions with visiting international students. Integrated conferences sponsored by University YMCA/YWCAs and the National Student Association created a progressive, interracial student network. Through these organizations, many postwar students began redefining their own societal roles, and to explore their potential as political actors. Interracial encounters empowered southern students to envision new social relations between blacks and whites, women and men, and American and international citizens. Under the banner of “human relations,” they began to break down personal barriers and to consciously relate to one another on the basis of shared humanity. This dissertation is the first historical work to closely examine organized efforts to change individual attitudes toward race among both white and black southern students during the 1940s and 1950s. It recaptures the early postwar dynamism of southern campuses, where students took action, in both their schools and their hometowns, to better their world.Item The gospel of justice : community, faith, and the integration of St. Andrew's Episcopal School(2014-05) Pinkston, Caroline Booth; Mickenberg, Julia L.This study focuses on the struggle to integrate St. Andrew’s Episcopal School, a small private school in Austin, Texas. A close examination of the history of this community sheds light on how privileged whites navigated questions of integration, especially in Christian communities. Pro-integration whites in these communities utilized their faith, understanding of community, and a rhetoric of respectability to move the school towards desegregation, forging a “middle way” through Civil Rights that achieved the goal of integration without damaging white interests in the community. Following St. Andrew’s through the 1970’s and 1980’s, this study moves beyond the implementation of official integration policies to trace how the school wrestled with questions of minority enrollment, white flight, and the relationship between private communities and the public sphere. Over the course of three decades, St. Andrew’s increased minority enrollment but adopted a narrower and more inward-focused understanding of community, becoming a more diverse space but not fundamentally questioning the nature of a private school in times of public crisis.Item "He ran his business like a white man" : race, entrepreneurship, and the early National Negro Business League in the New South(2006-12) Garrett-Scott, Shennette Monique; Walker, Juliet E. K., 1940-Booker T. Washington organized the National Negro Business League (NNBL) in 1900, and it became the largest and most influential black business organization for much of the twentieth century. Enterprising black men and women in the NNBL linked their entrepreneurial activities to a modern, progressive social and political agenda. They relied on discourses of race, nation, and business that were both modern, radical, and progressive and traditional, conservative, and reactionary. The thesis moves beyond prosaic debates about the efficacy of black business and black economic nationalism to consider how black entrepreneurs in the NNBL interacted with the material and cultural dimensions of the political economy. A disconnect often existed between the grand ambitions of the executive leadership and the intrigues of the local league membership. Race and entrepreneurship drew attention to lapses in the rhetoric of progress and change in the New South. Finally, it looks at interracial cooperation and conflict in the NNBL. By privileging blacks' struggles for liberation, the thesis enhances understanding about the many ways blacks struggled to strike a tenable balance between personal agency and structural constraints.Item “Jive That Anybody Can Dig :” Lavada “Dr. Hepcat” Durst and the desegregation of radio in Central Texas, 1948-1963(2012-08) Weiss, Peter Okie; Miller, Karl Hagstrom, 1968-Lavada “Dr. Hepcat” Durst was the first African American popular music disc jockey in Texas. His radio program The Rosewood Ramble was broadcast on Austin station KVET-1300 AM from 1948 until 1963. KVET’s white owners, who included future Texas politicians John Connally and J. J. “Jake” Pickle, were not outspoken advocates for the rights of African Americans under Jim Crow, but they hired Durst in a concentrated effort to expand KVET’s African American listening audience. The Rosewood Ramble became a cultural, economic, and psychological resource for black radio listeners in segregated central Texas while also becoming the region’s most popular radio show among white listeners. This paper uses a mixture of oral history and archival sources to argue that Durst’s fifteen-year career at KVET was only the best-known part of a lifetime spent as an information broker to Austin’s embattled black community.