Browsing by Subject "Chromium in animal nutrition"
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Item Absorption and tissue deposition of 51 chromium and 75 selenium from brewer's yeast in the mouse(Texas Tech University, 1982-05) Holland, Paula NellNOT AVAILABLEItem Chromium and ascorbate deficiency effects on lipids and glucose tolerance of guinea pigs(Texas Tech University, 1985-08) Wang, Min-minNot availableItem Chromium and ascorbate deprivation effects on tissue lipids of cholesterol-fed guinea pigs(Texas Tech University, 1986-12) Lin, Hui-chuNot availableItem Chromium and vanadium effects on glucose and lipid metabolism of guinea pigs and obese and diabetic mice(Texas Tech University, 1987-12) Li, Yi-chingNot availableItem Chromium and yogurt effects on glucose, insulin and hepatic lipid in obese mice(Texas Tech University, 1984-12) Li, Yi-chingDietary chromium (Cr) supplements in casein or yogurt-based diets were fed to genetically obese C57BL/6J-OB (ob/ob) mice. Diet groups were casein negative control (C), yogurt negative control (Y), enriched yogurt (EnY), medium chromium yogurt (MCrY), high chromium yogurt (HCrY) (1.83 ppm), and high chromium casein (HCrC) (1.85 ppm). Food and water were available ad libitum and no significant differences were observed in final body weight. In obese mice total hepatic lipid was significantly greater in the C than in the HCrC group and in the Y than in the HCrY group. Plasma immunoreactive insulin levels tended to be lower in animals fed HCrC and HCrY diets. Insulin/glucose ratio was significantly higher in the C group than in the HCrY group indicating that more insulin was required in the negative control group to handle an equivalent quantity of glucose. In the obese mouse, a model for insulin resistance, Cr supplementation apparently affects both hepatic lipid deposition and insulin/glucose ratio.Item Chromium, vanadium and ascorbate effects on lipids, cortisol, glucose and tissue ascorbate of guinea pigs(Texas Tech University, 1986-08) Oladut, Wole KolaNot availableItem Dietary chromium and ascorbic acid deficiency effects on plasma cholesterol and glucose tolerance in guinea pigs(Texas Tech University, 1982-12) O'Ladut, Wolley KWeanling male albino Hartley guinea pigs weighing approximately 200 grams were randomly assigned to one of two diet groups. The negative control (-Cr) diet (0.106 ppm Cr) was adequate in all nutrients except chromium while the positive control diet (+Cr) contained 1.910 ppm chromium. Plasma cholesterol and oral glucose tolerance tests were conducted during weeks 7, 10, 13 and 16. Serum cholesterol and fasting glucose were also determined at autopsy (week 20). At week 14, positive (+Cr) and negative (-Cr) control were subdivided to a total of 4 groups as follows: chromium adequate, ascorbic acid adequate (+Cr+C); chromium adequate, ascorbic acid deficient (+Cr-C); chromium deficient, ascorbic acid adequate (-Cr+C); chromium deficient, ascorbic acid deficient (-Cr-C). Ascorbic acid was not given to groups (+Cr-C) and (-Cr-C). The levels of plasma cholesterol at weeks, 7, 10 and 13 were not significantly different (p > 0.05) but value for the (-Cr) groups were consistently higher than for the (+Cr) groups. However, a significance (p < 0.05) was observed due to chromium while the effect of ascorbic acid was not significant (p < 0.08) at week 16. Oral glucose tolerance tests at 7, 10 and 13 weeks were not significantly different. At week 16, the group that was deficient in both chromium and ascorbic acid (-Cr-C) showed a higher fasting glucose than any other groups. At 120 minutes after the glucose challenge, this group (-Cr-C) was 57 mg/dl above fasting, while the positive control (+Cr+C) was 14 mg/dl above fasting. A significant effect on glucose (p < 0.02) was observed due to chromium and ascorbic acid deficiency at 120 minutes. It appears that a combined chromium and ascorbic acid deficiency caused impaired glucose tolerance and elevated plasma cholesterol.Item Glucose and tissue chromium of cholesterol-fed guinea pigs deprived of chromium and ascorbate(Texas Tech University, 1986-12) Hu, Mon-yungNot availableItem Glucose, insulin and lipase activity of rats fed chromium from beef and soy(Texas Tech University, 1983-08) Keim, Kathryn Sarah HochsprungNot availableItem Influence of phytates on chromium nutrition of the rat(Texas Tech University, 1981-05) Gates, Gail EstherObjectives of this research were to produce a chromium (Cr) deficiency in rats in our laboratory as assessed by glucose removal rate and to determine if phytate would exacerbate the chromium deficiency state. Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of 5 dietary groups: negative control without added chromium or phytate, low sodium phytate with 0.8% phytate, high sodium phytate with 2.8% phytate for 3 weeks then 1.4% phytate, calcium phytate with 1.8% phytate, or 5 parts per thousand chromium (chromic chloride) added to the diet. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed during weeks 5, 7, and 9, and non-fasting plasma glucose values were determined during the final week of the study. Results showed that plasma glucose removal rates indicative of impaired glucose tolerance were produced. The rats fed calcium phytate seemed to exhibit the lowest glucose removal rate (1.9%/min) despite the high dietary chromium content (737 ppb). However, there were no significant differences (p<0.05) between groups in week 9. The group fed excessive chromium did not maintain a normal removal rate throughout the study. Negative controls showed the highest mean non-fasting plasma glucose level of 166+7.20 mg/dl. It was significantly higher (p<0.05) than the values of the excessive chromium group (144+5.02 mg/dl) and the high sodium phytate group (138+2.50 mg/dl). Thus, it appears that a chromium deficiency was produced in our laboratory as assessed by plasma glucose removal rate and that phytates may make chromium unavailable for Zabsorption.