Browsing by Subject "Bulimia"
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Item An examination of the relationship between disordered eating and sexual attitudes and behaviors in college women(2012-08) Sloan, Adrianne; Marshall, Philip H.; Clopton, James R.; Cukrowicz, Kelly C.; Garos, SheilaEating disorders are a significant problem many people deal with, especially women in their adolescent and young adult years. Those diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN) appear to be restrictive not only with food, but also with their sexual attitudes and behaviors as well. Those with the impulsive symptoms of bulimia nervosa (BN) - binge eating and purging - seem to be impulsive with their sexual attitudes and behaviors. A drawback in the research literature is that of studies with small sample sizes. A reason for this could be that full-blown eating disorders are relatively uncommon. Most individuals diagnosed with an eating disorder (50- 60%) do not meet full criteria, but are given a diagnosis of eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS). This is problematic given that most of the research is completed on those meeting full diagnostic criteria. The current study included 179 undergraduate females covering the full range of eating disorder symptomatology, from those who met full criteria for anorexia or bulimia nervosa to those who had no problems with food or eating. In addition, this study also examined the effects of moderating variables (e.g., depression) on the relationship between eating disorders and sexuality. It was hypothesized that the same relationships seen among those with severe eating pathology and sexuality would also exist in those who did not meet full criteria for an eating disorder (e.g., increased symptoms of dietary restriction would be positively related to increased levels of sexual restriction). None of the proposed hypotheses were confirmed. Despite the lack of significant findings, those with an increase in symptoms of BN were also more likely to endorse symptoms of depression and perfectionism. It is therefore still important to examine those who may not be meeting full criteria for an eating disorder as they may be suffering in ways that need to be addressed.Item Comparing "models": The best fit for social predictors of bulimic pathology(2006-08) Whittaker, Aimee E.; Robitschek, Christine; Clopton, James R.; Hendrick, Susan S.; Hardin, Erin E.The number and variety of theories and research on bulimia nervosa (BN) and its related symptoms indicate that using a multidimensional approach when examining the etiology and risk factors of the disorder is paramount because no single factor seems to be predictive of who will and will not develop BN. More specifically, approaches differentiating among biological, psychological, and social components are often considered when attempting to determine the etiology of BN (Stieger & Seguin, 1999). With respect to social components, different aspects of interactions with the environment (and the people within it) may serve as contributors to bulimic pathology. Although much research has focused on a few specific dimensions of social interactions involved in eating pathology, little research has examined a wide range of social interactions in the prediction of bulimic behaviors and attitudes. Therefore, one purpose of this study was to comprehensively examine the relationships of a wide variety of social interactions with eating pathology, specifically, BN. The social variables included as predictors of bulimic pathology in this study are related to sociocultural encouragement of the thin-ideal, family functioning, and social support. Questionnaires, which also included three measures of bulimic pathology were completed by 289 European American female college students. The main data analysis was structural equation modeling. This analysis determined if the predictors fit into higher order factor structures differentiating between types of social interactions and sources of social interactions. Two models were tested to establish the best fit in regard to predicting bulimic symptoms. Model A (see Figure 1) investigated the prediction of bulimic symptoms according to types of social interactions. Model B (See Figure 2) investigated the prediction of bulimic symptoms according to sources of social interactions. In sum, the current study examined whether the social variables included in this study were better predictors of bulimic pathology when grouped according to types of social interactions (such as social reinforcement, family functioning, and social support), or when grouped according to sources of social interactions (the media, family, and peers). Results regarding differences in model fit are discussed, and implications for theory, research, and practice are explored.Item Core conflictual relationship themes of women with bulimia symptoms(Texas Tech University, 2000-08) Sharp, Deborah MarieBulemia nervosa is an eating disorder which is the cause for much concern. Women with bulemia tend to be depressed, unable to form satisfying relationshios, susceptible to unusual ways of thinking, and impulsive. Interpersonal relationships are the focus of several theories of bulemia, inding psychoanalytic disorder, psychodynamic perspectives (Bruch 1985; Fenione 1945; Sours 1980, Yarook 1993). The Core Conflictual Relationship Theme (CCRT, Luborsky, 1977) was developed to study interpersonal relationship patterns in therapy and research contexts and provides a way to formulate relationship themes in terms of predominant Wish, Response of Other, and Response of Self, based on narratives told by the participant. Women from introductory psychology classes were screened using the Bulemia Test-Revised (BULIT-R, Thelen, Farmer, Wonderlich, & Smith, 1991), and were retested individually. Women who scored 85 or above on both administrations were considered symptomatic (BS group), and women who scored within one-half standard deviation of the sample mean were considered not symptomatic (NS group). Eighteen women in the BS group and 23 women in the NS group were interviewed (RAP, Luborsky & Crits-Christoph, 1990) and CCRT's were derived. More of the Responses of Other were negative for women in the BS group than for women with mean scores on the BULIT-R (61% vs. 31%; x^2 [2, N = 41] = 3.86; p < .05). Women in both groups talked most about friends (32% of narratives), and had a Wish of "To be loved and understood" (73% of Wishes).Item The effects of dieting as usual on weight change and bulimic pathology: experimental evidence(2005) Presnell, Katherine Elizabeth; Stice, EricItem Predictors of bulimic behavior in college women(Texas Tech University, 2005-08) Young, Emily A.The body of research on bulimia in clinical and nonclinical populations is steadily growing, and studies using samples of college women indicate that bulimic behaviors such as binge eating and vomiting occur with much greater frequency in the female population than do clinical cases of bulimia. This dissertation examined whether perfectionism, low self-esteem, and perceived pressure from the family to be thin predicted any additional variance in eating-disordered behavior in a sample of college women after variables that were found to be significant in the previous study (i.e., depression, body dissatisfaction, and peer pressure to maintain a thin body shape) had been taken into account. This study also examined whether subtypes of perfectionism accounted for more of the variance in bulimic behavior than a global perfectionism score. Like the previous study, self-reported body dissatisfaction, depression, and peer pressure to maintain a thin body shape were signifícant predictors of bulimic behavior in this sample. Perceived weight-related pressure from the family was also a significant predictor. Although the global measure of perfectionism was not significant, one of the subscales, parental expectations, were found to significantly predict lower levels of bulimic behavior. Parental expectations were also found to moderate the effects of peer influence on bulimic behavior. It is hoped that the results of this study may be useful in identifying useful targets for clinical intervention for women with disturbed eating patterns.Item The multidetermined nature of bulimia nervosa in adolescent girls: a cross-cultural examination(Texas Tech University, 1998) Joiner, Gregory W.; Kashubaek, Susan; Cbgan, Rosemary; Handriek, Susan; Clopton, James R.Eating disorders are pathological disruptions in normal eating patterns found primarily in adolescent and young adult women. Intentional self-starvation (anorexia nervosa) and failure to maintain body weight have a long history of being recognized as pathological. Yet, bulimia nervosa, or gorging and purging accompanying anorexia, was not officially recognized as an eating disorder until 1980 whan it was included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Third Edition) (DSM; American Psychiatric Association, 1980). Tha DSM-IV (APA, 1994) describes bulimia nervosa (see Figure 1.1) as characterized by repeated incidents of binge or uncontrolled eating, recurrent attempts to inappropriately compensate for massive calorie intake in order to prevent weight gain, and use of weight and body shape to evaluate self-worth. Tha DSMIV recognizes two different catagories of bulimia nervosa, the purging and non-purging types. The purging type includes the use of salf-induced vomiting, and the misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or enemas to evacuate from the body tha large quantities of food eaten. In the non-purging type, fasting or excessive exercise is used to compensate for the high calorie intake without attempting to void food from the body.