Browsing by Subject "Body fat"
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Item Comparison of circumference-based equation and air displacement plethysmography to assess body fat percentage and evaluation of intervention for Army ROTC cadets to meet body composition standards.(2015-04-08) Hagood, Renae T. 1990-; Weems, Mary Kate Halbert.This study was designed to determine the correlation between manual anthropometric measurements that are used in the United States Army to determine body fat percentage and measurements taken using the BOD POD. Additionally, this study investigated the effectiveness of a fitness and nutritional intervention program in reducing the number of cadets not meeting the Army standard for body fat percentage. Ten adults participated from Baylor University Army ROTC. Body fat percentage data were collected from the Army Physical Fitness Test Scorecard (DA Form 705) and the BOD POD. Diet and exercise journals were used in the intervention program. Finally, a post study survey was conducted. There was a significant difference in the manual anthropometric and BOD POD body fat percentages, not in the cadet’s favor. A downward trend was observed in body fat percentage for intervention cadets. However, more time could be needed to meet body composition standards.Item Image output impacts of DEXA on affect, mood and self-efficacy(2007-12) Boroff, Cathrine Susan; Bartholomew, John B.Body image can be a cause of mental barriers to behavior change for individuals. When one discovers that he/she is over fat a slew of thoughts and emotions may stream through mind, motivating or deterring him/her from making the changes that will better his/her health outcomes. Duel Energy Xray Absorptiometry (DEXA) is a device used to retrieve accurate information on an individual’s total body composition. Consequently it also produces a twodimensional image of that person’s full body soft tissue. This image may have an impact on a person’s emotional response to the information and thus that delicate time period of self evaluation. To test this, a repeated measures quasiexperimental study was conducted on college age participants (N=82). Subjects were either shown the image DEXA output (treatment group) or not shown this image (control). The Profile of Moods States, Positive Affect Negative Affect Scale and a selfefficacy of body composition change questionnaire were used prior to and just after each DEXA to show a change in mood. Although no main effects based on treatment condition were discovered, a main effect was discovered between change in negative affect and body fat percentage, F(2, 76) = 6.285, p < .01, showing that those who had a higher percentage of body fat had an increase in negative affect after learning what that body fat percentage was regardless of treatment condition. The strong null effects based on treatment conditions suggests that one does not have a change in mood or affect responses to seeing his/her image than those associated with learning his/her body fat composition.Item Three dimensional body imaging for assessment of body composition(2010-05) Pepper, Margery Reese; Freeland-Graves, Jeanne H.; Xu, Bugao; Hursting, Stephen; Ciolino, Henry; Tanaka, HirofumiThis research evaluated photonic imaging devices for assessment of body size and shape. In aim one, laser imaging measurements of circumference, volume, and % fat were examined in 70 women. Bland-Altman analysis indicated minimal error in girth of the waist and hip by laser imaging as compared to tape measure (95% limits of agreement for waist, -2.02-2.29 cm; hip, -3.39-2.90 cm). Volume by laser imaging was related to hydrodensitometry (r = 0.99, p < 0.01), and % fat estimates were not significantly different from hydrodensitometry or dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (3.95 ± 1.74, 32.54 ± 1.28, and 35.86 ± 1.06, respectively, p > 0.05). In aim two, 120 adults were evaluated via stereovision imaging. Stereovision was significantly related to volume by air displacement plethysmography (ADP) and hydrodensitometry (R² > 0.99, p < 0.01). However, Bland-Altman analysis indicated variations in body fat between stereovision and ADP (95% limits of agreement, -16.77-16.05 kg). Therefore, aim three was development of a prediction equation to estimate fat from 13 stereovision measurements of body size and shape. These parameters combined to form upper and lower body factor scores, which, with gender, predicted 88.6% of variation in fat mass by ADP (p < 0.01). The equation improved 95% limits of agreement from -16.77-16.05 kg via direct volume measurement to -11.47-8.45 kg compared to ADP. Finally, in aim four, a subset of 56 women from aim two was evaluated for visceral fat by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Visceral fat was compared to a new indicator of abdominal adiposity via stereovision imaging: central obesity depth. Central obesity depth was correlated with visceral fat, following adjustment for age and ethnicity (r = 0.75, p < 0.01). Additionally, each 1 cm rise in central obesity depth raised the odds of being in the high versus low visceral fat tertile (Odds Ratio 8.59, 95% Confidence Interval 1.33-55.63, p < 0.05). Thus, both laser and stereovision body imaging appear to be valid techniques for evaluation of body size and shape. Furthermore, central obesity depth is a promising new measurement for assessment of visceral adiposity.