Browsing by Subject "Authoritarianism"
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Item Authoritarianism: a study of the socialization process and teacher attitudes(Texas Tech University, 1971-08) Forbes, Winona RobertsonThe purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between authoritarianism and education. It is important to make clear the value of a study of authoritarianism and then the task becomes that of understanding how authoritarian attitudes are perpetuated.Item Authoritarianism: a summary of the findings of selected studies leading to a possible conceptualization of an ideal type(Texas Tech University, 1971-12) Turnbough, Mark W.Not availableItem How Iran could democratize(2015-05) Damiano, Steven Tabak; Shirazi, Faegheh, 1952-; Gholz, Eugene, 1971-In this report, I apply modernization and political institution-based theories of democracy to the Islamic Republic of Iran to look at the conditions under which Iran could transition from authoritarian rule to democratic rule. I provide an overview of the unique features of democracy and argue that democracies have a better track record than authoritarian regimes in refraining from the use of violence against their citizens and avoiding disastrous economic policies, two areas where the Islamic Republic has a poor track record. I then provide an overview of theories that explain the most likely way Iran could democratize and theories that explain why Iran has persisted as an authoritarian regime. I argue that democracy results from the development of a strong private sector in which economic groups are independent from the state. I go on to provide an in-depth look at how the Iranian government has persisted as an authoritarian regime by thwarting the development of private sector growth and redistributing oil resources to the population. I further explain how President Rouhani's attempt to rescue Iran from the economic crisis created by his predecessor, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, could lead Iran to democratize in the medium-term future by developing a strong private sector. I conclude by summarizing my findings and showing what the implications of a democratic versus an authoritarian Iran would be.Item Linkage and the case of political deliberalization in Morocco(2013-05) Collins, Hope Ellen; Brownlee, Jason, 1974-; Suri, JeremiMany scholars of democratization posit that increased linkage between a hybrid regime and the West will lead to increased democratization. In Morocco during the past decade, however, authoritarianism continued to flourish despite increased linkage with both the United States and European Union. This project seeks to explain the source of this contradiction, arguing that increased linkage actually created a favorable environment for the deliberalization of Moroccan politics.Item Political coalitions and media policy : a study of Egyptian newspapers(2014-08) Sternfeld, Rachel Anne; Brownlee, Jason, 1974-Abstract: This dissertation asks: Why do autocrats expand the freedoms enjoyed by their domestic media outlets when it would seem to be against their interests to do so? Some research suggests that private capital investments and other non-state sources of revenue are crucial to expanding the bounds of media discourse. I argue that private money alone cannot produce such developments, instead, increased press freedom can be observed when the economic reforms create the opportunity for a new class of entrepreneurs, interested in funding media ventures, to enter government. From this position they may push for opportunities to expand the media environment. Hosni Mubarak’s presidency in Egypt provides a useful lens to study changes in press freedom under autocracy. The introduction of private capital into the Egyptian newspaper industry in two recent decades resulted in different levels of press freedom. In the 1990s press freedom was unaffected by the influx of private money into this sector, but there was a marked increase in press freedom in the 2000s when a wave of new privately-owned dailies joined their state-owned counterparts on Egyptian newsstands. The introduction of economic reforms, especially privatization of state industries, created the opportunities for the expanded class of entrepreneurs to enter politics and the economic incentives to increase the freedom of the press. The dissertation expands our existing understandings of the political and economic context under which economic liberalizations can lead to political liberalizations. It suggests that political science can improve its understanding of these dynamics by considering individual political liberalizations, rather than just democratization, when seeking to understand the impact of economic reforms.Item The role of narcissistic entitlement, right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, conformity to masculine gender norms, and religious orientation in the prediction of prejudice toward lesbians and gay men(2013-08) Adelman, Andrew Lee; Awad, Germine H.This study introduces narcissistic entitlement as a correlate of homonegative attitudes and behaviors and examines the relative strength of relations along with established correlates of right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), social dominance orientation (SDO), conformity with masculine norms, and intrinsic religious orientation. It also tests the role of negative attitudes towards lesbian women and gay men (ATLG) in mediating the relationship between the predictor variables and gay- and lesbian-rejecting and affirming behaviors. Implications for what these findings may offer psychologists are discussed, as are ways findings may inform the political process. Earlier studies support the link between entitlement and homonegativity (Exline, et al., 2004). Narcissism was positively related to dominance, neuroticism, social anxiety, and more aggressive/sadistic and rebellious/distrustful interpersonal styles (Emmons, 1984). Entitled narcissists are quick to take offense (McCullough, et al., 2003), externalize blame (Campbell, et al., 2000), and derogate or attack those who provide ego-threatening feedback or social rejection (Bushman, et al., 2003; Konrath, et al., 2006). Entitlement increases the risk of the narcissist becoming prone to hostile and reactive aggression and extreme violence, even without an ego-threat (Bushman, et al., 2003; Reidy, et al., 2008). Participants were recruited through the Department of Educational Psychology subject pool and data was collected by online survey. Given the focus on heterosexual men's attitudes toward lesbian women and gay men, participants were excluded from analysis if they identified as female, bisexual, or homosexual. Results indicated that entitlement, RWA, and intrinsic religiosity, but not conformity to masculine norms or SDO, were related uniquely to ATLG. ATLG was also related uniquely with measures of behavior, positively to gay- and lesbian-rejecting behaviors, and negatively with gay- and lesbian-affirming behaviors. ATLG was found to significantly mediate the links of entitlement and RWA with lesbian- and gay-rejecting behaviors. Results also indicated that the indirect link of intrinsic religious orientation with lesbian- and gay-rejecting behaviors was significant. Additionally, ATLG significantly mediated the links of entitlement with lesbian- and gay-affirming behaviors. Such an examination advances research and practice by identifying unique correlates of homonegative attitudes and the mechanisms through which they are related to lesbian- and gay-rejecting and -affirming behaviors.Item The effects of parent education and authoritarian attitudes on parenting skills(Texas Tech University, 1990-05) Johnson, Julia ChristineThe role of parenting is multidimensional as it is a complex and diverse experience. Parenting has been described as one of the most difficult tasks with the least amount of preparation. Perhaps it is for this reason that much concern is given to parent education and intervention. The types of intervention that are available to parents range from open-ended discussion groups (Auerbach 1968, Hereford 1963) to highly structured and systematic training programs aimed at specific targeted behaviors (Carkhuff, 1971). Between these two polarities are several popular standardized programs. These include Parent Effectiveness Training (Gordon, 1970), Adlerian Parent Study Groups (Berrett, 1975), Systematic Training for Effective Parenting (Dinkmeyer & McKay, 197 6), Parent Involvement Program (McGuiness & Glasser, 1978), and many others. These interventions are directed toward teaching parents specific techniques from a particular theoretical orientation which explicitly or implicitly holds itself up as the one true approach. The "do's" of one approach are often the "don'ts" of another.