Browsing by Subject "Air -- Pollution -- Measurement"
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Item Determination of S(IV) at low parts per billion levels with anthranilic acid(Texas Tech University, 1986-05) McDowell, William LMeasurement of sulfur(IV) in formaldehyde stabilized samples in the 1-50 ppb range is carried out using anthranilic acid as a fluorescent amine substrate. Results are presented for optimization of pH, reagent concentration and conditions for obtaining the best limits of detection, and data for real environmental samples.Item Extension and evaluation of screening technique for particulates(Texas Tech University, 1976-05) Owusu, Joshua KwasiThe rapid screening procedure technique for the analysis of six hazardous metals in oxide form: beryllium, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury and zinc developed by Bethea and Lin has been extended to include seven ferrous and non-ferrous cations in their oxide forms. It is suitable for field use in the metallurgical industry. The present procedure includes methods for determining the oxides of antimony, iron, chromium, nickel, vanadium, tin, and silver in addition to the six non-ferrous cations listed above. The qualitative procedures originally based on standard geochemical and quantitative analysis methods have been modified as necessary to conform to the anticipated lower detection limits required for screening particulate stack samples obtained as a result of emission or compliance testing and for qualitative analysis of oil shales. Solubilization is achieved by digestion in demineralized, deionized water followed by acid solubilization in 0.5N nitric acid, then by selective solubilization of CuO, NiO , and V 0 in hot 3N nitric acid and the final solution of BeO, Fe„0 , and Sb 0 in hot concentrated sulfuric acid. Subsequent cation separation was obtained by complex-forming extractions in suitable solvents at an appropriate pH. The reagents used include dithizone, dithiol, dimethvlgloxin-o diphenylcarbazide, diethyldithiocarbamate and bathophenanthroline. Interference free spot tests are used for the identification of the thirteen cations present.Item Measurement of trace levels of reduced sulfur compounds(Texas Tech University, 1986-12) Yang, Huey-chinNot availableItem Methodologies for estimating emission rates of hazardous gases from single point sources(Texas Tech University, 1995-12) Rege, Mahesh A.Air pollution has been a problem for a number of centuries. One of the earliest air pollution problems was the smoke caused by burning of sea coal in lime kilns in London in A.D. 1285 (Cooper and Alley, 1986). The Industrial Revolution in the sixteenth century marked the advent of an upward trend in air pollution that continues to this day. The twentieth century has witnessed an exponential increase in air pollution. The development of chemical, petroleum and the automobile industries, to name a few, have added significant quantities of pollutants to the atmosphere. What is air pollution? The word pollution is synonymous with contamination. Air pollution can therefore be defined as the presence of any solid, liquid or gas in quantities sufficient enough to cause some deleterious effect to the harmony of our environment. The word "harmony" is used here to include both health and well-being effects. The wellbeing encompasses nonhealth effects such as visibility reduction and crop damage. Substances such as sulfur dioxide and ozone have proven to have adverse impacts on human and/or animal health. A number of others, such as ammonia do not cause any direct negative effects on the human body at typical levels in the atmosphere, but create odor and visibility problems. The sources of air pollutants are numerous and varied. The classification of these different sources is the topic of the first section of this chapter. In the next section, a brief discussion is provided on the importance and current status of air pollution modeling. The rationale for the choice of gases used in this research project is the topic covered in Section 1.3. The objectives of this research are outlined in Section 1.4. Prior research at Texas Tech University in this area is reviewed in the final section of the chapter.