Willoughby, Darryn Scott, 1963-Spillane, Mike.Baylor University. Dept. of Health, Human Performance and Recreation.2008-12-012017-04-072008-12-012017-04-072008-082008-12-01http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5256Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-112)Creatine monohydrate has become one of the most popular ingested nutritional supplements due to its potential enhancement of athletic performance. Creatine absorption from the serum into skeletal muscle occurs through the utilization of a membrane-spanning protein, CreaT1. Numerous creatine formulations have been developed primarily to maximize creatine absorption. Creatine ethyl ester (CEE) has been chemically modified by adding an ester group and is thought to increase creatine bio-availability by by-passing the CreaT1. This study examined how a seven week supplementation regimen with CEE affected body composition, muscle mass and performance, whole body creatine retention, as well physiological and molecular adaptations, associated with creatine uptake in nonresistance-trained males following a resistance-training program. Results demonstrated that CEE did not show any additional benefit to increases in muscle strength/performance or a significant increase in total muscle creatine when compared to creatine monohydrate or placebo. CEE supplementation did show a large increase in creatinine levels throughout the study.viii, 112 p. : ill.159364 bytes492405 bytesapplication/pdfapplication/pdfen-USBaylor University theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. Contact librarywebmaster@baylor.edu for inquiries about permission.Creatine -- Physiological effect.Creatine -- Bioavailability.Muscle strength.Dietary supplements -- Physiological effect.Isometric exercise -- Physiological aspects.Musculoskeletal system -- Physiology.ThesisWorldwide access