Forced models of cardiac-pulmonary functions

Abstract

A system composed of two coupled internal oscillators and an external driving oscillation is studied as a model of biological control system. The type of interaction between the internal oscillators is a mutual and dissipative one. In specific, the cardiac-pulmonary system of a marathon runner is studied from the ''start” to the "finish'' of the race with the runner's pace acting as an external forcing stimulus that controls the interaction and overall output of the runner's heart-lung system. Such a study can help in simulating and controlling the output of the cardiac-pulmonary system in coordination with the muscle movement in the form of the runner's pace so that a marathon runner can effectively optimize the energy availability throughout the race without causing muscle fatigue. Such a model can lead a way to winning the marathon race by the participant practicing effective methods to utilize his/her available energy.