Design and synthesis of non-peptidic thiosemicarbazone derivatives as inhibitors of cathepsins L and K.

Date

2012-11-29

Authors

Song, Jiangli.

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Abstract

Cathepsin L, a member of the lysosome cysteine proteases, is ubiquitously expressed in tissue and is responsible for protein turnover. An overexpression of cathepsin L by certain tumor types is associated with enhanced tumor expansion through degradation of the extracellular matrix and the invasion and migration of cancer cells. Therefore, the inhibition of cathepsin L has emerged as a therapeutic strategy against metastatic cancer. Cathepsin K is involved in osteoclastic bone resorption because it is selectively expressed in osteoclasts and is capable of degrading bone matrix. In this project, a small library of thiosemicarbazone derivatives containing thiochromanone, 2,3-dihydroquinoline-4-one, and dibenzoylbenzene scaffolds has been successfully designed and synthesized as potential inhibitors of cathepsin L and other homologous cathepsins (B and K). Through a collaborative study, ten compounds from this library were found to be potent inhibitors (IC50 < 300 nM) of cathepsin L, and nine compounds were potent inhibitors of cathepsin K. None of these inhibitors showed activity against cathepsin B. For example, 6,7-difluorothiochromanone thiosemicarbazone 4 (IC50 = 46 nM) was the most potent inhibitor against cathepsin L from this group, while the 6-trifluoromethyl derivative 28 (IC50 = 21 nM) was the most potent inhibitor against cathepsin K. Structure activity relationship (SAR) studies centered on the thiochromanone thiosemicarbazone scaffold demonstrated that electron-withdrawing functionalities, incorporated primarily at the 6-position of the thiochromanone scaffold, showed good inhibition against cathepsin L in comparison to related analogues bearing electron-donating groups. Collectively, these results expand the known SAR regarding molecular structures and their inhibitory activity against cathepsins L and K.

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Citation

Song, J. L., Jones, L. M., Kishore Kumar, G. D., Conner, E. S., Bayeh, L., Chavarria, G. E., Charlton-Sevcik, A. K., Chen, S. E., Chaplin, D. J., Trawick, M. L., Pinney, K. G. "Synthesis and biochemical evaluation of thiochromanone thiosemicarbazone analogues as inhibitors of cathepsin L." ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 3, 6 (2012); 450–453.