OATS, CAT, and CARDS : financial regulation in the era of big data

The explosion of data in the financial industry has led regulators to seek better ways to utilize big data analytics. This paper analyzes the inception and development of three major regulatory programs borne from market failures. These programs represent the promise of big data, but have had to withstand criticisms of their cost, effectiveness, and necessity. The focus is on the twin goals of these programs: to reconstruct the market and to detect market abuse; and how the promises have been met and criticisms have been replied to.